Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization

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Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - acharya - 11-02-2007

<img src='http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/imagenes_tierrahueca/L_Vril1-01.gif' border='0' alt='user posted image' />
<img src='http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/imagenes_tierrahueca/L_Vril8-Odin-01-MED.jpg' border='0' alt='user posted image' />

Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - acharya - 11-02-2007

Some Nazi relic technology:

<img src='http://www.zamandayolculuk.com/cetinbal/FJ/hitlerufoo1.gif' border='0' alt='user posted image' />

http://www.eyepod.org/Nazi-Disc-Photos.html
http://www.zamandayolculuk.com/cetinbal/HT...a1/NaziUFO5.htm

Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - acharya - 11-02-2007

Russian copies:
EKIP
http://www.ekip-aviation-concern.com/
<img src='http://www30.websamba.com/saxon_realm/misc/russian-saucerA.jpg' border='0' alt='user posted image' />

<img src='http://www30.websamba.com/saxon_realm/misc/russian-saucerB.jpg' border='0' alt='user posted image' />

Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - acharya - 11-02-2007

One of these is here:

<img src='http://inlinethumb64.webshots.com/25087/2151163150100818794S500x500Q85.jpg' border='0' alt='user posted image' />

The Pushpak Aircraft
1916
by Balasaheb Pandit Pant Pratinidhi
Source: Chitra Ramayana by Ramachandra Madhwa Mahishi, Illustrated by Balasaheb Pandit Pant Pratinidhi

Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - acharya - 11-02-2007

here is another western researcher on vimanas,

http://www.sacred-texts.com/ufo/aiac.htm
Ancient Indian Aircraft Technology
From The Anti-Gravity Handbook

by D. Hatcher Childress

Many researchers into the UFO enigma tend to overlook a very important
fact. While it assumed that most flying saucers are of alien, or perhaps
Governmental Military origin, another possible origin of UFOs is ancient
India and Atlantis. What we know about ancient Indian flying vehicles comes
from ancient Indian sources; written texts that have come down to us through
the centuries. There is no doubt that most of these texts are authentic;
many are the well known ancient Indian Epics themselves, and there are
literally hundreds of them. Most of them have not even been translated into
English yet from the old sanskrit.
The Indian Emperor Ashoka started a "Secret Society of the Nine Unknown
Men": great Indian scientists who were supposed to catalogue the many
sciences. Ashoka kept their work secret because he was afraid that the
advanced science catalogued by these men, culled from ancient Indian sources,
would be used for the evil purpose of war, which Ashoka was strongly against,
having been converted to Buddhism after defeating a rival army in a bloody
battle. The "Nine Unknown Men" wrote a total of nine books, presumably one
each. Book number was "The Secrets of Gravitation!" This book, known to
historians, but not actually seen by them dealt chiefly with "gravity
control." It is presumably still around somewhere, kept in a secret library
in India, Tibet or elsewhere (perhaps even in North America somewhere). One
can certainly understand Ashoka's reasoning for wanting to keep such
knowledge a secret, assuming it exists.
Ashoka was also aware of devastating wars using such advanced vehicles
and other "futuristic weapons" that had destroyed the ancient Indian "Rama
Empire" several thousand years before. Only a few years ago, the Chinese
discovered some sanskrit documents in Lhasa, Tibet and sent them to the
University of Chandrigarh to be translated. Dr. Ruth Reyna (Raina?)of the University
said recently that the documents contain directions for building interstellar
spaceships! Their method of propulsion, she said, was "anti- gravitational"
and was based upon a system analogous to that of "laghima," the unknown power
of the ego existing in man's physiological makeup, "a centrifugal force
strong enough to counteract all gravitational pull." According to Hindu
Yogis, it is this "laghima" which enables a person to levitate.
Dr. Reyna said that on board these machines, which were called "Astras"
by the text, the ancient Indians could have sent a detachment of men onto any
planet, according to the document, which is thought to be thousands of years
old. The manuscripts were also said to reveal the secret of "antima"; "the
cap of invisibility" and "garima"; "how to become as heavy as a mountain of
lead." Naturally, Indian scientists did not take the texts very seriously,
but then became more positive about the value of them when the Chinese
announced that they were including certain parts of the data for study in
their space program! //contrast behaviour of dhimmis to the Chinese who aren't mentally enslaved This was one of the first instances of a government
admitting to be researching anti-gravity.
The manuscripts did not say definitely that interplanetary travel was
ever made but did mention, of all things, a planned trip to the Moon, though
it is not clear whether this trip was actually carried out. However, one of
the great Indian epics,the Ramayana, does have a highly detailed story in it
of a trip to the moon in a Vimana (or "Astra"), and in fact details a battle
on the moon with an "Asvin" (or Atlantean") airship. This is but a small bit
of recent evidence of anti-gravity and aerospace technology used by Indians.
To really understand the technology, we must go much further back in
time. The so-called "Rama Empire" of Northern India and Pakistan developed at
least fifteen thousand years ago on the Indian subcontinent and was a nation
of many large, sophisticated cities, many of which are still to be found in
the deserts of Pakistan, northern, and western India. Rama existed,
apparently, parallel to the Atlantean civilization in the mid- Atlantic Ocean,
and was ruled by "enlightened Priest-Kings" who governed the cities.
The seven greatest capital cities of Rama were known in classical Hindu
texts as "The Seven Rishi Cities." According to ancient Indian texts, the
people had flying machines which were called "Vimanas." The ancient Indian
epic describes a Vimana as a doubledeck, circular aircraft with portholes and
a dome, much as we would imagine a flying saucer. It flew with the "speed of
the wind" and gave forth a"melodious sound." There were at least four
different types of Vimanas; some saucer shaped, others like long cylinders
("cigar shaped airships"). The ancient Indian texts on Vimanas are so
numerous, it would take volumes to relate what they had to say. The ancient
Indians, who manufactured these ships themselves, wrote entire flight manuals
on the control of the various types of Vimanas, many of which are still in
existence, and some have even been translated into English.
The Samara Sutradhara is a scientific treatise dealing with every
possible angle of air travel in a Vimana. There are 230 stanzas dealing with
the construction, take-off, cruising for thousand of miles, normal and forced
landings, and even possible collisions with birds. In 1875, the Vaimanika
Sastra, a fourth century B.C. text written by Bharadvajy the Wise, using even
older texts as his source, was rediscovered in a temple in India. It dealt
with the operation of Vimanas and included information on the steering,
precautions for long flights, protection of the airships from storms and
lightning and how to switch the drive to "solar energy" from a free energy
source which sounds like "anti-gravity." The Vaimanika Sastra (or
Vymaanika-Shaastra) has eight chapters with diagrams, describing three types
of aircraft, including apparatuses that could neither catch on fire nor
break. It also mentions 31 essential parts of these vehicles and 16 materials
from which they are constructed, which absorb light and heat; for which
reason they were considered suitable for the construction of Vimanas.
This document has been translated into English and is available by
writing the publisher: VYMAANIDASHAASTRA AERONAUTICS by Maharishi
Bharadwaaja, translated into English and edited, printed and published by Mr.
G. R.Josyer, Mysore, India, 1979 (sorry, no street address). Mr. Josyer is
the director of the International Academy of Sanskrit Investigation, located
in Mysore. There seems to be no doubt that Vimanas were powered by some sort
of "anti-gravity." Vimanas took off vertically, and were capable of hovering
in the sky, like a modern helicopter or dirigible. Bharadvajy the Wise refers
to no less than 70 authorities and 10 experts of air travel in antiquity.
These sources are now lost. Vimanas were kept in a Vimana Griha, a kind
of hanger, and were sometimes said to be propelled by a yellowish-white
liquid, and sometimes by some sort of mercury compound, // Plz refer to mercury being carried in large quantities in a German submarine which was capture enroute probably on way to a German base rumored to be shwabenland though writers seem
confused in this matter. It is most likely that the later writers on Vimanas,
wrote as observers and from earlier texts, and were understandably confused
on the principle of their propulsion. The "yellowish- white liquid" sounds
suspiciously like gasoline, and perhaps Vimanas had a number of different
propulsion sources, including combustion engines and even "pulse-jet"
engines. It is interesting to note, that the Nazis developed the first
practical pulse-jet engines for their V-8 rocket "buzz bombs." Hitler and the
Nazi staff were exceptionally interested in ancient India and Tibet and sent
expeditions to both these places yearly, starting in the 30's, in order to
gather esoteric evidence that they did so, and perhaps it was from these
people that the Nazis gained some of their scientific information!
According to the Dronaparva, part of the Mahabarata, and the Ramayana,
one Vimana described was shaped like a sphere and born along at great speed
on a mighty wind generated by mercury. It moved like a UFO, going up, down,
backwards and forwards as the pilot desired. In another Indian source, the
Samar, Vimanas were "iron machines, well-knit and smooth, with a charge of
mercury that shot out of the back in the form of a roaring flame." Another
work called the Samaranganasutradhara describes how the vehicles were
constructed. It is possible that mercury did have something to do with the
propulsion, or more possibly, with the guidance system. Curiously, Soviet
scientists have discovered what they call "ageold instruments used in
navigating cosmic vehicles" in caves in Turkestan and the Gobi Desert. The
"devices" are hemispherical objects of glass or porcelain, ending in a cone
with a drop of mercury inside.
It is evident that ancient Indians flew around in these vehicles, all
over Asia, to Atlantis presumably; and even, apparently, to South
America.Writing found at Mohenjodaro in Pakistan (presumed to be one of the
"Seven Rishi Cities of the Rama Empire") and still undeciphered, has also
been found in one other place in the world: Easter Island! Writing on Easter
Island, called Rongo-Rongo writing, is also undeciphered, and is uncannily
similar to the Mohenjodaro script. Was Easter Island an air base for the Rama
Empire's Vimana route? (At the Mohenjo- Daro Vimana-drome, as the passenger
walks down the concourse, he hears the sweet, melodic sound of the announcer
over the loudspeaker,"Rama Airways flight number seven for Bali, Easter
Island, Nazca, and Atlantis is now ready for boarding. Passengers please
proceed to gate number..") in Tibet, no small distance, and speaks of the
"fiery chariot" thus: "Bhima flew along in his car, resplendent as the sun
and loud as thunder... The flying chariot shone like a flame in the night sky
of summer ... it swept by like a comet... It was as if two suns were
shining. Then the chariot rose up and all the heaven brightened."
In the Mahavira of Bhavabhuti, a Jain text of the eighth century culled
from older texts and traditions, we read: "An aerial chariot, the Pushpaka,
conveys many people to the capital of Ayodhya. The sky is full of stupendous
flying-machines, dark as night,but picked out by lights with a yellowish
glare." The Vedas, ancient Hindu poems, thought to be the oldest of all the
Indian texts, describe Vimanas of various shapes and sizes: the
"ahnihotravimana" with two engines, the"elephant-vimana" with more engines,
and other types named after the kingfisher, ibis and other animals.
Unfortunately, Vimanas, like most scientific discoveries, were
ultimately used for war. Atlanteans used their flying machines, "Vailixi," a
similar type of aircraft, to literally try and subjugate the world, it would
seem, if Indian texts are to be believed. The Atlanteans, known as "Asvins"
in the Indian writings, were apparently even more advanced technologically
than the Indians, and certainly of a more war-like temperament. Although no
ancient texts on Atlantean Vailixi are known to exist, some information has
come down through esoteric, "occult" sources which describe their flying
machines.
Similar, if not identical to Vimanas, Vailixi were generally "cigar
shaped" and had the capability of manoeuvering underwater as well as in the
atmosphere or even outer space. Other vehicles, like Vimanas, were saucer
shaped, and could apparently also be submerged.According to Eklal Kueshana,
author of "The Ultimate Frontier," in an article he wrote in 1966, Vailixi
were first developed in Atlantis 20,000 years ago, and the most common ones
are "saucer shaped of generally trapezoidal cross- section with three
hemispherical engine pods on the underside." "They use a mechanical
antigravity device driven by engines developing approximately 80,000 horse
power." The Ramayana, Mahabarata and other texts speak of the hideous war
that took place, some ten or twelve thousand years ago between Atlantis and
Rama using weapons of destruction that could not be imagined by readers until
the second half of this century.
The ancient Mahabharata, one of the sources on Vimanas, goes on to tell
the awesome destructiveness of the war: "...(the weapon was) a single
projectile charged with all the power of the Universe. An incandescent
column of smoke and flame as bright as the thousand suns rose in all its
splendour... An iron thunderbolt, a gigantic messenger of death, which
reduced to ashes the entire race of the Vrishnis and the Andhakas.... the
corpses were so burned as to be unrecognizable. The hair and nails fell out;
pottery broke without apparent cause, and the birds turned white.... after a
few hours all foodstuffs were infected.... to escape from this fire, the
soldiers threw themselves in streams to wash themselves and their
equipment..." It would seem that the Mahabharata is describing an atomic war!
References like this one are not isolated; but battles, using a fantastic
array of weapons and aerial vehicles are common in all the epic Indian books.
One even describes a Vimana-Vailix battle on the Moon! The above section very
accurately describes what an atomic explosion would look like and the effects
of the radioactivity on the population. Jumping into water is the only
respite.
When the Rishi City of Mohenjodaro was excavated by archaeologists in the
last century, they found skeletons just lying in the streets, some of them
holding hands, as if some great doom had suddenly overtaken them. These
skeletons are among the most radioactive ever found, on a par with those found
at Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Ancient cities whose brick and stonewalls have
literally been vitrified, that is-fused together, can be found in India,
Ireland, Scotland, France, Turkey and other places. There is no logical
explanation for the vitrification of stone forts and cities, except from an
atomic blast.
Futhermore, at Mohenjo-Daro, a well planned city laid on a grid, with a
plumbing system superior to those used in Pakistan and India today, the
streets were littered with "black lumps of glass." These globs of glass were
discovered to be clay pots that had melted under intense heat! With the
cataclysmic sinking of Atlantis and the wiping out of Rama with atomic
weapons, the world collapsed into a "stone age" of sorts, and modern history
picks up a few thousand years later Yet, it would seem that not all the
Vimanas and Vailixi of Rama and Atlantis were gone. Built to last for
thousands of years, many of them would still be in use, as evidenced by
Ashoka's "Nine Unknown Men" and the Lhasa manuscript.
That secret societies or "Brotherhoods" of exceptional, "enlightened"
human beings would have preserved these inventions and the knowledge of
science, history, etc., does not seem surprising. Many well known historical
personages including Jesus, Buddah, Lao Tzu, Confucious, Krishna, Zoroaster,
Mahavira, Quetzalcoatl, Akhenaton, Moses, and more recent inventors and of
course many other people who will probably remain anonymous, were probably
members of such a secret organization. It is interesting to note that when
Alexander the Great invaded India more than two thousand years ago, his
historians chronicled that at one point they were attacked by "flying,fiery
shields" that dove at his army and frightened the cavalry. These "flying
saucers" did not use any atomic bombs or beam weapons on Alexander's army
however, perhaps out of benevolence, and Alexander went on to conquer India.
It has been suggested by many writers that these "Brotherhoods" keep some of
their Vimanas and Vailixi in secret caverns in Tibet or some other place is
Central Asia, and the Lop Nor Desert in western China//another cue for invasion of Tibet ? is known to be the
centre of a great UFO mystery. Perhaps it is here that many of the airships
are still kept, in underground bases much as the Americans, British and
Soviets have built around the world in the past few decades. Still, not all
UFO activity can be accounted for by old Vimanas making trips to the Moon for
some reason.
Undoubtedly, some are from the Military Governments of the world, and
possibly even from other planets. Of course, many UFO sightings are "swamp,
gas, clouds, hoaxes, and hallucinations, while there is considerable evidence
that many UFO sightings, especially "kidnappings" and the like, are the
result of what is generally called "telepathic hypnosis."
....

http://www.sacred-texts.com/ufo/aiac.htm

Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - Guest - 11-02-2007

here you go...more German pics

http://www.gaiaguys.net/NAZI.disks.htm

<img src='http://www.gaiaguys.net/NAZI.De-Stra.jpg' border='0' alt='user posted image' />

APPENDIX I GERMAN DISC-CRAFT RESEARCH

Forty seven years after World War II, in 1991, Vladimir Terziski, a Bulgarian immigree, came into possession of some German documentary film describing the Nazi V-7 special weapons programs. The secret V-7 projects were in fact a series of circular aircraft research designs developing radical new weapons platforms that could rise and descend vertically and fly at high speeds and very high altitudes using a new "implosion" motor design and other electro-gravitic energy conversion principles producing a self-sufficient electrostatically generated force for power. Such engines were manufactured by AEC, (Allgemeine ElektricitÃ¤ts Gesellschaft), the great electrical giant of industrial Germany, for this program as early as 1944. These power devices generated their own electro-gravity field which neutralized the Earth's natural gravity, in effect making them weightless. Another new engine principle used helium for fuel.
There were at least three major developments within the V-7 program. There were the Hanebu models 1 through 9, at least; and Vril models 1 through 7 as well, and most likely beyond that. Then there was the cylindrical mother-ship carrier project designed to transport the Hanebu and Vril craft in flight. Research along these lines had been carried out since early in 1941.
The Hanebu models were larger discs ranging from 25 through 40 meters in diameter. That is 75 to 120 feet. They were powered by multiple-ganged energy units working together, like the AEG System, and these units also generated their own electro-gravitic field which neutralized the natural gravity around them, thus making the craft and all it carried essentially weightless. Experimental versions of this circular disc-shaped craft carried one to three 7.5 centimeter anti-tank cannon on their underside. Photographs of such craft have been collected by Mr. Terziski, some of which also appeared in the movie documentary.
One picture shows a 2 1/2 ton military truck parked beside a Hanebu 2, a lifting crane on the far side, and 2 men under the big disc working on something. Other pictures showed the Hanebu models in flight.
The Vril models were smaller deeper discs of nearly bell-shaped configuration in appearance with 3 hemispherical protuberances underneath, very similar to the bell-shaped flying objects photographed by George Adamski in 1952 and 1953, however the Vril 2, which is closest to that appearance, was actually being tested in 1943 and 1944 in Nazi Germany. The Vril 3 models and beyond were far more streamlined and looked more like the domed discs we are more familiar with. These little ships were 10.5 to 15 meters (30' to 45') in diameter and carried crews of 1 to 5 men.
The cylindrical carrier craft were over 100' in diameter and could carry one or more of the Hanebu models and 3 or more of the smaller Vril models, all internally, and could launch and recover them in flight.
When the High Command in Germany concluded that they could no longer win the war, and some of the key leaders began leaving the country to prepare for a resurgent 4th Reich, these important programs were apparently dismantled and carried to new bases in the Antarctic and to remote places in Brazil and elsewhere in South America. Most of their key scientists went with them, which may be why we have heard so little of these programs up to now. The few scientists who remained behind were picked up by the U.S. and Russian governments and put to work on domestic programs, but our programs lacked the organization of the parent German programs that were evacuated.
Of course none of this report is proven by massive support evidence, nor should we expect it to be, given the secret nature of the work; and so this information can only stand as a speculative report - but it does raise a lot of unanswered questions.
Samples of the photographs in those documents are shown on the following pages.

<img src='http://www.gaiaguys.net/NAZI315.jpg' border='0' alt='user posted image' />

Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - Guest - 11-02-2007

<img src='http://www.gaiaguys.net/NAZI317.jpg' border='0' alt='user posted image' />
<img src='http://www.gaiaguys.net/NAZI319.jpg' border='0' alt='user posted image' />
<img src='http://www.gaiaguys.net/NAZI321.jpg' border='0' alt='user posted image' />

Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - Guest - 11-02-2007

<img src='http://www.gaiaguys.net/NAZI323.jpg' border='0' alt='user posted image' />
<img src='http://www.gaiaguys.net/NAZI325.jpg' border='0' alt='user posted image' />

"The Nazi party had a secret flying disc already off of the drawing board and flying and it was capable of 1200 miles an hour. Vertical take-off, 90Æ changes, much like a helicopter, and of course was far superior to anything the Allies powers had at that time. Secondly they also had another craft about to be up and going it was capable of doing 2500 miles per hours, which was double the original. Not only did it have the characteristics of the original craft, but it also had a laser weapon aboard it which capable of penetrating four inches of armour. Needless to say that really spooked the allied forces into making a redemptive attempt against Von Braun and bringing him â¦ into a state of capitulation." (6)
Bulgarian Physicist Vladimir Terziski also wrote the following about these mystery craft. "According to Renato Vesco â¦ Germany was sharing a great deal of the advances in weaponry with their allies the Italians during the war. At the Fiat experimental facility at Lake La Garda, a facility that fittingly bore the name of Air Marshall Hermann Goering, the Italians were experimenting with numerous advanced weapons, rockets and airplanes, created in Germany. In a similar fashion, the Germans kept a close contact with the Japanese military establishment and were supplying it with many advanced weapons. I have discovered for example a photo of a copy of the manned version of the V-1 - the Reichenberg - produced in Japan by Mitsubishi. The best fighter in the world, the push-pull twin propeller Dornier-335 was duplicated at the Kawashima works."This appears to be the extent of information that can be verified to a degree. However there is much more that `fits' within the known facts, but cannot be verified independently and therefore may well be fiction portrayed as fact. That said, much of the following information does flow with the themes explored further in the subsequent chapters of this book.Claims have also been made that Nazi Occult societies were involved in the development of such unconventional saucer craft. One such, the `Vril Society' was allegedly `channelling' messages from an alien civilisation in the Aldebaran solar system and planned to develop a craft that could make physical contact with the civilisation there. This may or may not be true; but there was certainly a high level of occult activity in mid-Europe at that time, and no doubt organisations did exist then with unconventional beliefs just as they do today. Whatever the truth of this, by 1934 the Vril Society had apparently developed its first UFO shaped aircraft, known as the Vril 1, which was propelled by an anti-gravity effect. (This was the same year as Viktor Schauberger discussed his flying disk ideas with Hitler.)

The society then allegedly went on to develop this craft, and later - and again allegedly - produced the RFC-2. This craft was apparently 16 feet long and fitted with an improved propulsion system and for the first time, magnetic impulse steering. Interestingly, when in flight, it reportedly produced colour effects normally associated with UFOs.Yet the RFC-2 was largely ignored with only the SS showing an interest in the Vril Society's work. An inner organisation of the SS then set up its own SSE-4 department to develop new alternative technologies to ensure Germany no longer had to be dependent on external sources of energy and it began work on its own version of the RFC or Vril.

By 1939 the SS had produced the RFC-5, which it called the Haunebu 1. In August 1939 the machine made its maiden flight and proved its viability, being more than 65 foot in diameter and offering considerable storage space. By the end of 1940 the RFC-2 (Haunebu II) had entered service as a reconnaissance aircraft and there is certainly photographic evidence to support this, for example an RFC-2 was photographed near Antarctica in 1940 (see next chapter.) It should be noted that there is scant corroborative and historically verifiable information to support these claims, however the design of the Haunebu II should be noted for future reference.Whatever their exact nature, it appears confirmed that a range of alternative design aircraft were by now either on the drawing board, hovering above the ground, or crashing into it. Some of these designs proved viable and successes were

being reported. On 17th April 1945 Miethe was able to advise Hitler that the V-7 had been tested in the skies above the Baltic. This particular craft was a supersonic helicopter fitted with 12 BMW Turbo aggregate engines. During its first test it reached an altitude of 78000feet and then 80000 feet on its second test. Miethe reported that the new craft could be powered by unconventional energy sources in principle. However these new technologies were coming on-line too late, for the war was already being lost and won.Within months the Allies and Russians had poured into central Europe, Hitler was dead and the war apparently over.And as soon as the war was over, ghost rockets started appearing over Scandinavia and within two years `flying saucers' were being reported wholesale over mainland United States.It was no co-incidence.

After the end of the war in 1945, Russian and American intelligence teams began a hunt to track down this perceived military and scientific booty of the advanced German technology. Following the discovery of particle/laser beam weaponry in German military bases, the US War Department decided that the US must not only control this technology, but also the scientists who had helped develop it "to ensure that [America] takes full advantage of those significant developments which are deemed vital to our national security." It therefore launched a project to bring these personnel to the United States. Whilst initially publicised the nature, extent and secrecy of the project, later termed `Operation Paperclip' remained classified until 1973.The thinking behind Paperclip was exemplified in a letter Major General Hugh Knerr, Deputy Commanding General for Administration of US Strategic Forces in Europe, wrote to Lieutenant General Carl Spatz in March 1945: "Occupation of German scientific and industrial establishments has revealed the fact that we have been alarmingly backward in many fields of research, if we do not take this opportunity to seize apparatus and the brains that developed it and put this combination back to work promptly, we will remain several years behind while we attempt to cover a field already exploited." There was however, one slight problem: It was illegal, for US law explicitly prohibited Nazi officials from immigrating to America, and as many as three-quarters of the scientists in question were allegedly committed Nazis. (Indeed as at least 1600 scientists and their dependants were taken to America under Operation Paperclip and its successor projects, it could hardly avoid including Nazis.)

<img src='http://www.stevequayle.com/High.Jump/Vril%20and%20the%20Andromeda_files/06053b30.gif' border='0' alt='user posted image' />

However President Truman decided that the national interest was paramount and that America needed the German scientists to work on America's behalf. In fairness to Truman, he expressly ordered that anyone found to "have been a member of the Nazi party and more than a nominal participant in its activities, or an active supporter of Nazism or militarism" must be excluded from the operation.Operation Paperclip was carried out by the Joint Intelligence Objectives Agency (JIOA) and had two aims: Firstly, to exploit German Scientists for American research by rounding up Nazi scientists and taking them to America. and, secondly, to deny these intellectual resources to the Soviet Union (7). (The name `Operation Paperclip' derived from the fact that those individuals selected to go to the United States were distinguished by paperclips on their files joining their scientific papers with regular immigration forms.(8)) The Joint Intelligence Objectives Agency (JIOA) then conducted background investigations on the identified scientists, and in February 1947 the Director of the JIOA, Navy Captain Bosquet Wev, submitted the first set of dossiers to the State and Justice Departments for review.These dossiers, though, proved to be damning, with Samuel Klaus, the State Department's representative on the JOIA Board claiming that all the scientists in the first batch were `ardent Nazis'. The visa requests were consequently denied. (Wev already knew those proposed had Nazi backgrounds this for in a memo dated 27th April 1948 to the Pentagon's Director of Intelligence, he wrote "Security investigations conducted by the military have disclosed the fact that the majority of German scientists were members of either the Nazi Party or one or more of its affiliates." (9) Wev was furious and he fired off a memo to the State Department in March 1948 warning that "the best interests of the United States have been subjugated to the efforts expended in `beating a dead Nazi horse'" (10).

The following month, 27th April 1948, Wev again wrote to his superiors concerned about the delays in approving the German scientists. He stated "In light of the situation existing in Europe today, it is conceivable that continued delay and opposition to the immigration of these scientists could result in their eventually falling into then hands of the Russians who would then gain the valuable information and ability possessed by these men. Such an eventuality could have a most serious and adverse effect on the national Security of the United States." (11) By this time the Nazi Intelligence leader, Reinhard Gehlen had met with the future CIA Director (26th February 1953 - 29th November 1961), Allen Dulles (right), and they had hit it off. Gehlen was a master spy for the Nazis and had infiltrated Russia with his vast intelligence network. (In 1942 the future CIA Director Dulles had moved to Bern, Switzerland, as Head of Office of Strategic Services to negotiate with some Nazi leaders who were already convinced they were going to lose WWII and wanted a deal with the US about a possible future war with the USSR.) Dulles was not above pursuing his own agenda with the Nazis, for he had worked with many of them before the war; as a prominent New York lawyer (1926-1942 and again from 1946 to 1950) When Gehlen surrendered to the US, he was taken to Fort Hunt, Virginia, where he and the US Army reached an agreement: his intelligence unit would work for and be funded by the US until a new German Government came into power. In the meantime, should he find a conflict between the interests of Germany and the US, he could consider German interests first (12). For almost ten years the `Gehlen Org' as it became to be known, operated safely within the CIA and was virtually the CIA's only source of intelligence on Eastern Europe. Then in 1955 it evolved into the BND (the German equivalent of the CIA) and continued to co-operate with its US counterparts.The scientists immigration problem was then side-stepped with the dossiers being `cleansed' of incriminating evidence and, as promised, Allen Dulles delivered Gehlen Org, the Nazi Intelligence Unit, to the CIA, which later opened many umbrella projects based on earlier Nazi research.Operation Paperclip also had a part to play in events at Maury Island. Washington State, itself, was the location of several aerospace defence contractors, which were benefiting from the then secret Paperclip Operation. It was also the location of sightings in 1947 of a number of aircraft that looked suspiciously like some that had been seen on Nazi drawing boards and in the skies above Europe towards the end of the war.The officers who attended the Maury Island incident, Davidson and Brown belonged to G-2: It was G-2's responsibility to ensure Operation Paperclip was kept as a covert activity and provide the necessary security to achieve this. Another function of G-2 was the surveillance of anyone whose activities put Paperclip security at risk. That they were on their way to Wright-Patterson AFB with the objects Crisman had given them, was entirely logical - Wright Patterson (then Wright-Field) was the major research and development centre where many of the Nazi scientists had been taken to continue their work.One of the most prominent of the Paperclip physicians was Hubertus Strughold, later known as the `father of space medicine' and after whom the Aeromedical Library at the USAF School of Aerospace medicine was named in 1977. His April 1947 intelligence report stated "[H]is successful career under Hitler would seem to indicate that he must be in full accord with Hitler." However he was admitted under Operation Paperclip on the grounds that he was "not an ardent Nazi." (13)Other Nazis included Klaus Barbie, the so-called `Butcher of Lyon', Otto von Bolschwing, infamous for his holocaust activities and the SS Colonel, Otto Skorzeny (14). However the cleansing of the files did not always stand up to the scrutiny of time. In 1984, Arthur Rudolph, who, in 1969 had been awarded NASA's Distinguished Service Award, left the country rather than face charges as a Nazi war criminal.

Another former alleged Nazi was Wernher Von Braun. Born on 23rd March 1912, von Braun became one of the world's first and foremost rocket engineers and a leading authority on space travel. Born the son of Prussian aristocrats Baron Magnus and Baroness Emmy von Braun, the young Wernher read Hermann Oberth's `By Rocket into Planetary

Space' (De Rakete zu den Planetenaumen), and his new interest led him to later enrol at the Berlin Institute of Technology in 1930. In 1932 he received his bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering and he was then offered a grant to conduct and develop scientific investigations on liquid-fuelled rocket engines (15). Von Braun's rocket experiments were tested at the Kummersdorf Proving Grounds, sixty miles south of Berlin, between 1932 and 1937.Kummersdorf was the launch site of two German V-2 rockets in 1934 (16). After their launch, Braun started work on a jet-assisted take off vehicle for heavy bombers and all-rocket fighters (17) however Kummersdorf was too small for this task, and so von Braun relocated to Peenemunde on the Baltic Coast where he became director from 1937-1945. This site was then equipped with laboratories and industrial facilities to facilitate the development, production and testing of the German V-1 (Vengeance Weapon 1) and V-2, (Vengeance Weapon 2) rockets (18). It was this V-2 rocket that inflicted such heavy damage on England during the war. Von Braun was not a reluctant Nazi. Indeed, "he joined the National Socialist Aviation Corps, getting his pilot's license in 1933, the DAF trade organisation, a hunting organisation associated with the Nazis, the air raid protection investigation, and the SS horseback riding school (19)." Von Braun's own admissions in US Army records further show that he was a former SS Major who frequently visited the underground rocket factory where 25,000 prisoners from the concentration camp Dora had died. According to the former executive producer of CNN's investigative unit, Linda Hunt, von Braun attended a meeting that discussed rounding up of citizens off the streets of France to be taken to Dora.As the war entered its dying throws in 1945, von Braun ordered two men to find an abandoned mine in the Harz Mountains to hide data about the V-2s. Several large boxes were then placed in a discovered cave and von Braun sent his younger brother Magnus off on a bicycle he had borrowed from a local innkeeper to look for Allies to whom they could surrender. Von Braun and his scientific staff duly surrendered to the US Army whilst most of the production engineers were taken prisoner by the Soviets (20). After entering America as part of Project Paperclip, on a pay of $6 a day plus lodging in a military installation, Braun worked on guided missiles for the US Army. He returned to Bavaria in 1948 to marry his second cousin and he later served as Technical Director then later Chief of the Guided Missile Development Division of Redstone Arsenal from 1950 to 1956 whilst living in Huntsville, Alabama (21). Von Braun was later appointed Director of Development Operations Division of the Army Missile Agency, which developed the Jupiter-C rocket that was to successfully launch the western's hemisphere's first satellite, `Explorer-I' on 31st January 1958, auguring the birth of the American Space Programme (22). Two years later von Braun and his team were transferred to NASA's Marshall Space Flight Centre where he served as Director from July 1960 to February 1970. During the 1950s and 60s he achieved an almost celebrity status as one of Walt Disney's experts on the `World of Tomorrow'. In 1970 he became NASA's associate administrator and without him, it is unlikely that the organisation would ever have put man on the Moon.

Over a course of twenty years, von Braun received approximately 25 honorary degrees and he accepted many other awards and medals, presented to him from small cities, to NASA and even the President. (Right - Von Braun with President Kennedy.)His dossier was apparently rewritten so he didn't appear an enthusiastic (alleged) Nazi and he attempted to play down his real Nazi involvement by claiming "In 1939 [sic] I was officially demanded to join the National Socialist Party. At this time I was already Technical Director at PeenemÃ¼nde â¦ The technical work had â¦ attracted attention at higher and higher levels. Thus, my refusal to join the party would have meant that I would have to abandon the work of my life. My membership in the party did not include any political activity (23)." However, von Braun's claim was simply untrue, for other scientists successfully used an old rule of the Weimar Republic that was still in use, forcing anyone in the military to abstain from political affiliation.

Wernher von Braun's mentor, Hermann Oberth also entered the US after the war under Operation Paperclip. Born 25th June 1894 in the Transylvanian town of Hermannstadt, Oberth is widely recognised as the founding father of modern rocketry, having published the paper in 1923 that was to so inspire von Braun, `Die Rakete zu den Planetenraumen' (By Rocket into Planetary Space.) This was followed by a longer version (429 pages) in 1929 that was internationally regarded as a work of tremendous scientific importance. When in his thirties, Oberth took Wernher von Braun (who affectionately referred to Oberth as his `teacher') on as an assistant, and they worked together at Peenemunde developing the V2 rocket. After entering the US at the end of the war along with the remaining 100 V2 rockets and components, Oberth again worked with Von Braun as the entire Peenemunde team was re-assembled at the White Sands Proving Grounds. Oberth and Von Braun continued their work and it was a later development of the same V2 rocket which had inflicted so much damage on Northern Europe that was eventually to propel the first American into space in the Saturn V rocket. Oberth retired three years after entering the US and returned to Germany where he headed us the Oberth Commission for the German Government into the UFO phenomenon.

Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - Guest - 11-02-2007

THE VRIL, THE RFZ AND THE HAUNEBU

However, several projects was elaborated, and later on built, whose characteristics were impressive:
For example, in August of 1939 the RFZ 5 in its first flight to Antarctica in NEU-SCHABENLAND it reached the speed of 4.500 Km/h and, not very later, 15.000 Km/h. It was equipped with 2 weapons (black laser, also as the " ray of the death ") KSK - KRAFTSTRAHL KANOEN of 6 cm;
Years later, the HAUNEBU II, with about 26 or 32 diameter meters, consonant the model, and among 9 and 11 of height, it reached the maximum speed, close to the ground of 6.000 Km/h, with an autonomy of 55 hours and with capacity to transport 20 people;
The HAUNEBU III, with about 70 diameter meters, it flew to 7.000 Km/h, close of the ground, could reach 40.000 Km/h at 24.000 altitude meters, tends an autonomy for 8 weeks in flight, transporting 32 people.
Already VRIL 7, that he made its first flight on the Baltic sea, in the Winter of 1944, he had about 120 diameter meters, as we will see more ahead.

Several they were the projects found by the Allies in the SS files , when they occupied Berlin in 1945:
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Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - Guest - 11-02-2007

To the beginning, the German technicians thought to apply in those " flying machines " conventional " armaments ", installing canyons of " Panzer " tanks

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THE VRIL AND THE ANDROMEDA

One of the most perfect " machines " produced by the VRIL society during World War I I, it was the VRIL 7; an enormous object in disk form, very similar to HAUNEBU III, but with about 120 diameter meters. The first test with VRIL 7 was made on the Baltic sea, in the Winter of 1944.

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Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - Guest - 11-02-2007

Some images of the VRIL 7 and the VRIL 6:

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Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - Guest - 11-02-2007

Germans developing advanced technologies during the end of the war is a matter of public record.

As Sir Roy Feddon, Chief of the Technical Mission to Germany for the Ministry of Aircraft Production stated in 1945. "â¦I have seen enough of their designs and production plans to realise that if they (the Germans) had managed to prolong the war some months longer, we would have been confronted with a set of entirely new and deadly developments in air warfare."

Captain Ruppelt, Chief of the US Air Force Project Bluebook added in 1956, "When WWII ended, the Germans had several radical types of aircraft and guided missiles under development. The majority were in the most preliminary stages, but they were the only known craft that could even approach the performance of objects reported to UFO observersâ¦"

Some of these German war-time technical advances were well known. The first military jet was the German Heinkel 178 that flew in 1939. In 1943 the Germans also deployed the only jet fighter to go into regular service during the war, the Messerschmitt 262. This jet could easily overtake the fastest Allied aircraft, yet fortunately Hitler ordered that these planes should be fitted as bombers rather than defensive fighters which saved Allied aircraft from devastating casualties.

Then Heinrich Focke was involved in the design of and production of the FW6, Fa223, Fa226, Fa283 and 284 models during the war. He designed a propulsion system known as the âturbo-shaftâ, which is still used in most helicopters today. Using this technology, Focke designed this upright, vertical take-off aircraft, which was just coming off the drawing board as the war ended. At the end of each of the three long arms of this technologically advanced craft was a small jet propulsion unit. The rotating arms were used to lift the body from the ground like the blades of a helicopter.

In 1939 Focke patented a saucer-shaped craft with enclosed twin rotors described as follows: "The exhaust nozzle forked in two at the end of the engine and ended in two auxiliary combustion chambers located on the trailing edge of the wing. When fuel was added these combustion chambers would act as afterburners to provide horizontal propulsion to Fockeâs design. The control at low speed was achieved by alternatively varying the power from each auxiliary combustion chamber."

Cruise missiles were also first used by the Third Reich and V-1 bombs were launched from German occupied territories across the channel into England.

The next German rocket, the V-2 proved to be the predecessor of the Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles that filled the arsenals of the former Soviet Union and US during the Cold War. This missile could travel 225 miles at five times the speed of sound and a single hit could take out a city block. The Germans also developed a rocket-powered fighter, the ME 163 and although it was never put into regular service, it was the first aircraft to fly faster than 600 miles per hour.

These then, were some of the known German advances. However there were also hints of darker technologies not fully understood. It was in 1944 that knowledge of these became public for the first time when the New York Times of 14th December reported "Floating Mystery ball is New German Weapon.

"Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force, Dec 13 - A new German weapon has made its appearance on the western air front, it was disclosed today. Airmen of the American Air Force report that they are encountering silver coloured spheres in the air over German territory. The spheres are encountered either singly or in clusters. Sometimes they are semi-translucent." (1)

A typical incident was reported by a veteran pilot of the 415th Night Fighter Squadron. He was flying a mission over Hagenau, Germany on 22nd December 1944 when at 6.00am, whilst flying at an altitude of ten thousand feet, the pilot and his radar operator saw two "large orange glows" rapidly climbing towards them. "âUpon reaching our altitudeâ the pilot reported, the objects âlevelled off and stayed on my tail.â He went into a steep dive and the âglowsâ followed in sharp precision. He banked as sharply as he dared and the objects followed. For two minutes the âlightsâ stalked the fighter through several intricate manoeuvres, peeled off under perfect control, then blinked outâ¦" (2)

The purpose of these strange objects was a mystery, for they merely followed warplanes, but apparently never opened fire or otherwise attacked them. These objects were named âFoo Fightersâ, a term which came from a headline âWhere Thereâs Feu, Thereâs Fire.â Each side in the war seemed to believe that the Foo Fighters were the inventions of their enemy and several reconnaissance missions were launched to gain further information. To date, it has never been clearly established where the technology came from, and the origins of the foo-fighters remain an historical puzzle alongside the Scandinavian ghost rockets. What was clear, however, was that it wasnât Allied technology, and that was a serious cause of concern.

Over the years fact and fiction regarding the exact nature of these advanced German technologies have become fused, however it is now clear that the Germans were developing craft that could be mistaken for what would nowadays be considered UFOs. In fact, such developments make perfect sense:

Each side during the war relied heavily on their aerial capabilities, and one sure way to disable such abilities was to take out enemy runways. Either side could have had the best air fleet on the planet, but without somewhere to take off from, such a fleet was impotent. Therefore the development of craft that did not require any runway, like Fockeâs designs, could potentially alter the eventual course of the war. As it turned out, the designs were only coming on line as the war ended, but had the conflict continued, it is conceivable that these new technologies could have altered the shape of history.

However, exactly what was being developed is now less a matter of historical record, and more of an historical jigsaw, with not only pieces missing, but other pieces conceived in the minds of writers who then peddled fictitious Nazi flying saucer myths to those who chose to believe them.

Establishing fact from fiction from over fifty years ago is no easy matter, and we are forced to consider information that is largely unverifiable. Yet when pieced together a plausible story of Nazi flying disk technology does begin to emerge.

One person who made claims regarding the development of âflying saucersâ in Nazi Germany is former Luftwaffe Flight Captain and aircraft designer Rudolph Schriever. He claimed in 1950 that he and a small team had worked at facilities near Prague developing a saucer-type vehicle.

This story first appeared in âDer Spiegelâ magazine on 30th March 1950 in an article entitled âUntertassen-Flieger Kombinationâ which stated "â¦ Rudolph Schriever, who says engineers throughout the world experimented in the early 1940s with flying saucers, is willing to build one for the United States in six to nine months. The 40-year-old Prague University graduate said he made blueprints for such a machine, which he calls a flying top, before Germanyâs collapse and that the blueprints were stolen from his laboratory. He says the machine would be capable of 2,600mph with a radius of 4,000 miles, Schriever is a US Army driver at Bremerhaven." (3)

His claims are backed up by a 1975 Luftfahrt International Report that noted that after Shrieverâs death in the late 1950s, papers found amongst his belongings revealed incomplete notes for a large flying saucer, a series of sketches of the machine and several newspaper clippings of himself and his alleged flying saucer. Up to his death, Schriever had repeatedly claimed that the UFO sightings since the end of the war were proof that his original ideas had been taken further with successful results.

Researcher Bill Rose was able to discover that Schriever was involved with other scientists Klaus Habermohl and Giuseppe Belluzzo (an Italian engineer) as well as one Dr. Walter Miethe. Roseâs research established that Miethe had been the Director of the saucer programme at two facilities located outside Prague. We know little more about Mietheâs activities at this time him but it does seem that he knew Wernher von Braun (of whom much more later) as there is a photograph of them together in 1933.

We certainly do know that one scientist, Viktor Schauberger, was involved in the production of flying disks, and that he flew one in 1945 near Prague, just as Schriever had claimed. His experimental prototypes were based on levitation. Born in 1885, Schauberger considered the natural world his greatest teacher although many in the world considered Schauberger to be somewhat deranged. In forests, alongside rivers, he studied what he considered life-enhancing energy, water and air vortices.

He argued that "Prevailing technology uses the wrong forms of motion. It is based on entropy â on motions which nature uses to break down and scatter materials. However, nature uses a different type of motion for creating order and new growth. The prevailing explosion-based technology â fuel burning and atom splitting â fills the world with expanding, heat-generating centrifugal motion." Schauberger believed that energy production could instead use inward-moving cold-generating centripetal motion, the same as nature employs to build and enliven substances. Even hydroelectric power plants, Schauberger said, use a destructive motion â they pressure water and chop it through turbines. The result is âdead waterâ. He built suction turbines that he considered enlivened and invigorated, resulting in clean, life-giving water downstream.

Schauberger also produced electrical power from a unique suction turbine using implosion principles and was later pressured into developing a propulsion system using the same principles applied to air.

His work came to Hitlerâs attention and his son (left) recounts the meeting between his father and Hitler: "In June of 1934 my father was invited by the Reichâs Chancellor Adolph Hitler to discuss his work. Hitler wanted to know about his discoveries and talk about the various possibilities and what his great plan was. And he said âyes, Iâm looking for a new technology that must once again harmonise with the natural order of things and that is my real programme.â

"Shortly before the meeting, Hitler as Reich Chancellor gave the two deputies his orders. The two had come to discuss Herman Goeringâs plan. And he said âViktor Schauberger, you will speak with the two Reichâs deputies and tomorrow or by the latest the day after tomorrow a second meeting will take place. And he said to the two deputies âI find the plan fascinating. Yes, we Germans will bring about a whole new science.â" (4)

Hitler wanted Schauberger to supervise the building of a new flying craft that could levitate without burning any fuel. This idea for this new craft was based upon a discovery made by Schauberger a few years before of how to develop a low-pressure zone at the atomic level. The scientist claimed to have achieved this in a laboratory setting when his prototype whirled air or water âradically and axiallyâ at a falling temperature. Schauberger named this resulting force as âdiamagnetic levitation powerâ and noted that nature already used this direct or âreactionaryâ suction force in weather generation, solar fusion stability etc.

Schauberger was given a team of scientists to help him with his work, and he insisted that these be treated as free men rather than prisoners of the Nazis. During their work, however, their research headquarters was bombed and they were all transferred to Leonstein. There they perfected the âflying discâ powered by Schaubergerâs turbine which rotated air into a twisting type of oscillation resulting in the build-up of immense power causing levitation. Schaubergerâs prototype was then developed into a vehicle known as the Belluzzo-Schriever-Miethe Diskus, a machine built up to 22ft in diameter. These craft travelled at over 2000 km/hr and were planned to go over 4,000 km/hr. By 1945 they could reach 1300 mph and gain an altitude of 40,000 feet in less than three minutes. The craft was also noted to glow blue-green as it rose and left a silvery glow.

The Munich publication, âDa Neue Zeitalterâ wrote in 1956 "Viktor Schauberger was the inventor and discoverer of the new motive power, implosion, which, with the use of only air and water, generated light, heat and motion."

The publication reported that the first unmanned flying disc was tested in 1945 near Prague, that it could hover motionless in the air and could fly as fast backwards as forwards. It was also reported to have a diameter of 50 meters.

Other evidence in support of this event had appeared earlier in an interview given on 18th November 1954 to the Zurich-based âTages Anzeigerâ. One George Klein stated that he had witnessed a flying saucer test on 14th February 1945 and that the craft had reached a height of 30,000 foot in three minutes and could travel at hundreds of miles an hour.

In this interview, Klein gave further information regarding developments behind the disks, claiming that some of the work had taken place at Peenemunde, where the V-2 rocket was being developed and where Wernher von Braun was director. Klein also stated that the stability of the craft had been achieved by using a gyroscope; the same method used by the Von Braun-Dornberger team. The research then moved to the Mittlewerke underground facilities near Nordhausen in the Harz Mountains.

The âBibleâ of the story of the development of the Atomic bomb, âBrighter than a Thousand Sunsâ, also confirms these events: "The first of these flying saucers, as they were later called â circular in shape, with a diameter of some 45 yards â were built by the specialists Schriever, Habermohl and Miethe. They were first airborne on February 14th 1945, over Prague and reached in three minutes a height of nearly eight miles. They had a speed of 1250mph which was doubled in subsequent tests." (5)

That these events occurred is also supported by former CIA agent Virgil Armstrong who commented "We know that in the early parts of the war there were certain factions of the Allied forces that did not believe he had a secret weapon and it wasnât until the Americans made much emphasis of this that they began to look at it seriously and indeed did discover that Hitler not only had a secret weapon, he had what we would call today a UFO or spacecraft.

"He had one already off of the drawing board and flying and it was capable of 1200 miles an hour. Vertical take-off, 90Â° changes, much like a helicopter, and of course was far superior to anything the Allies powers had at that time. Secondly they knew he had another craft about to be up and going it was capable of doing 2500 miles per hours, which was double the original. Not only did it have the characteristics of the original craft, but it also had a laser weapon aboard it which capable of penetrating four inches of armour. Needless to say that really spooked the allied forces into making a redemptive attempt against him and bringing him â¦ into a state of capitulation." (6)

Bulgarian Physicist Vladimir Terziski also wrote the following about these mystery craft. "According to Renato Vesco â¦ Germany was sharing a great deal of the advances in weaponry with their allies the Italians during the war. At the Fiat experimental facility at Lake La Garda, a facility that fittingly bore the name of Air Marshall Hermann Goering, the Italians were experimenting with numerous advanced weapons, rockets and airplanes, created in Germany. In a similar fashion, the Germans kept a close contact with the Japanese military establishment and were supplying it with many advanced weapons. I have discovered for example a photo of a copy of the manned version of the V-1 â the Reichenberg â produced in Japan by Mitsubishi. The best fighter in the world, the push-pull twin propeller Dornier-335 was duplicated at the Kawashima works."

This appears to be the extent of information that can be verified to a degree. However there is much more that âfitsâ within the known facts, but cannot be verified independently and therefore may well be fiction portrayed as fact. That said, much of the following information does flow with the themes explored further in the subsequent chapters of this book.

Claims have also been made that Nazi Occult societies were involved in the development of such unconventional saucer craft. One such, the âVril Societyâ was allegedly âchannellingâ messages from an alien civilisation in the Aldebaran solar system and planned to develop a craft that could make physical contact with the civilisation there. This may or may not be true; but there was certainly a high level of occult activity in mid-Europe at that time, and no doubt organisations did exist then with unconventional beliefs just as they do today.

Whatever the truth of this, by 1934 the Vril Society had apparently developed its first UFO shaped aircraft, known as the Vril 1, which was propelled by an anti-gravity effect. (This was the same year as Viktor Schauberger discussed his flying disk ideas with Hitler.)

The society then allegedly went on to develop this craft, and later - and again allegedly - produced the RFC-2. This craft was apparently 16 feet long and fitted with an improved propulsion system and for the first time, magnetic impulse steering. Interestingly, when in flight, it reportedly produced colour effects normally associated with UFOs.

Yet the RFC-2 was largely ignored with only the SS showing an interest in the Vril Societyâs work. An inner organisation of the SS then set up its own SSE-4 department to develop new alternative technologies to ensure Germany no longer had to be dependent on external sources of energy and it began work on its own version of the RFC or Vril.

By 1939 the SS had produced the RFC-5, which it called the Haunebu 1. In August 1939 the machine made its maiden flight and proved its viability, being more than 65 foot in diameter and offering considerable storage space. By the end of 1940 the RFC-2 (Haunebu II) had entered service as a reconnaissance aircraft and there is certainly photographic evidence to support this, for example an RFC-2 was photographed near Antarctica in 1940 (see next chapter.) It should be noted that there is scant corroborative and historically verifiable information to support these claims, however the design of the Haunebu II should be noted for future reference.

Whatever their exact nature, it appears confirmed that a range of alternative design aircraft were by now either on the drawing board, hovering above the ground, or crashing into it. Some of these designs proved viable and successes were being reported. On 17th April 1945 Miethe was able to advise Hitler that the V-7 had been tested in the skies above the Baltic. This particular craft was a supersonic helicopter fitted with 12 BMW Turbo aggregate engines. During its first test it reached an altitude of 78000feet and then 80000 feet on its second test. Miethe reported that the new craft could be powered by unconventional energy sources in principle. However these new technologies were coming on-line too late, for the war was already being lost and won.

Within months the Allies and Russians had poured into central Europe, Hitler was dead and the war apparently over.

And as soon as the war was over, ghost rockets started appearing over Scandinavia and within two years âflying saucersâ were being reported wholesale over mainland United States.

It was no co-incidence.

After the end of the war in 1945, Russian and American intelligence teams began a hunt to track down this perceived military and scientific booty of the advanced German technology. Following the discovery of particle/laser beam weaponry in German military bases, the US War Department decided that the US must not only control this technology, but also the scientists who had helped develop it "to ensure that [America] takes full advantage of those significant developments which are deemed vital to our national security." It therefore launched a project to bring these personnel to the United States. Whilst initially publicised the nature, extent and secrecy of the project, later termed âOperation Paperclipâ remained classified until 1973.

The thinking behind Paperclip was exemplified in a letter Major General Hugh Knerr, Deputy Commanding General for Administration of US Strategic Forces in Europe, wrote to Lieutenant General Carl Spatz in March 1945: "Occupation of German scientific and industrial establishments has revealed the fact that we have been alarmingly backward in many fields of research, if we do not take this opportunity to seize apparatus and the brains that developed it and put this combination back to work promptly, we will remain several years behind while we attempt to cover a field already exploited."

There was however, one slight problem: It was illegal, for US law explicitly prohibited Nazi officials from immigrating to America, and as many as three-quarters of the scientists in question were allegedly committed Nazis. (Indeed as at least 1600 scientists and their dependants were taken to America under Operation Paperclip and its successor projects, it could hardly avoid including Nazis.)

However President Truman (left) decided that the national interest was paramount and that America needed the German scientists to work on Americaâs behalf. In fairness to Truman, he expressly ordered that anyone found to "have been a member of the Nazi party and more than a nominal participant in its activities, or an active supporter of Nazism or militarism" must be excluded from the operation.

Operation Paperclip was carried out by the Joint Intelligence Objectives Agency (JIOA) and had two aims: Firstly, to exploit German Scientists for American research by rounding up Nazi scientists and taking them to America. and, secondly, to deny these intellectual resources to the Soviet Union (7). (The name âOperation Paperclipâ derived from the fact that those individuals selected to go to the United States were distinguished by paperclips on their files joining their scientific papers with regular immigration forms.(8))

The Joint Intelligence Objectives Agency (JIOA) then conducted background investigations on the identified scientists, and in February 1947 the Director of the JIOA, Navy Captain Bosquet Wev, submitted the first set of dossiers to the State and Justice Departments for review.

These dossiers, though, proved to be damning, with Samuel Klaus, the State Departmentâs representative on the JOIA Board claiming that all the scientists in the first batch were âardent Nazisâ. The visa requests were consequently denied. (Wev already knew those proposed had Nazi backgrounds this for in a memo dated 27th April 1948 to the Pentagonâs Director of Intelligence, he wrote "Security investigations conducted by the military have disclosed the fact that the majority of German scientists were members of either the Nazi Party or one or more of its affiliates." (9)

Wev was furious and he fired off a memo to the State Department in March 1948 warning that "the best interests of the United States have been subjugated to the efforts expended in âbeating a dead Nazi horseâ" (10).

The following month, 27th April 1948, Wev again wrote to his superiors concerned about the delays in approving the German scientists. He stated "In light of the situation existing in Europe today, it is conceivable that continued delay and opposition to the immigration of these scientists could result in their eventually falling into then hands of the Russians who would then gain the valuable information and ability possessed by these men. Such an eventuality could have a most serious and adverse effect on the national Security of the United States." (11)

By this time the Nazi Intelligence leader, Reinhard Gehlen had met with the future CIA Director (26th February 1953 â 29th November 1961), Allen Dulles (right), and they had hit it off. Gehlen was a master spy for the Nazis and had infiltrated Russia with his vast intelligence network. (In 1942 the future CIA Director Dulles had moved to Bern, Switzerland, as Head of Office of Strategic Services to negotiate with some Nazi leaders who were already convinced they were going to lose WWII and wanted a deal with the US about a possible future war with the USSR.) Dulles was not above pursuing his own agenda with the Nazis, for he had worked with many of them before the war; as a prominent New York lawyer (1926-1942 and again from 1946 to 1950)

When Gehlen surrendered to the US, he was taken to Fort Hunt, Virginia, where he and the US Army reached an agreement: his intelligence unit would work for and be funded by the US until a new German Government came into power. In the meantime, should he find a conflict between the interests of Germany and the US, he could consider German interests first (12). For almost ten years the âGehlen Orgâ as it became to be known, operated safely within the CIA and was virtually the CIAâs only source of intelligence on Eastern Europe. Then in 1955 it evolved into the BND (the German equivalent of the CIA) and continued to co-operate with its US counterparts.

The scientists immigration problem was then side-stepped with the dossiers being âcleansedâ of incriminating evidence and, as promised, Allen Dulles delivered Gehlen Org, the Nazi Intelligence Unit, to the CIA, which later opened many umbrella projects based on earlier Nazi research.

Operation Paperclip also had a part to play in events at Maury Island. Washington State, itself, was the location of several aerospace defence contractors, which were benefiting from the then secret Paperclip Operation. It was also the location of sightings in 1947 of a number of aircraft that looked suspiciously like some that had been seen on Nazi drawing boards and in the skies above Europe towards the end of the war.

The officers who attended the Maury Island incident, Davidson and Brown belonged to G-2: It was G-2âs responsibility to ensure Operation Paperclip was kept as a covert activity and provide the necessary security to achieve this. Another function of G-2 was the surveillance of anyone whose activities put Paperclip security at risk. That they were on their way to Wright-Patterson AFB with the objects Crisman had given them, was entirely logical â Wright Patterson (then Wright-Field) was the major research and development centre where many of the Nazi scientists had been taken to continue their work.

One of the most prominent of the Paperclip physicians was Hubertus Strughold, later known as the âfather of space medicineâ and after whom the Aeromedical Library at the USAF School of Aerospace medicine was named in 1977. His April 1947 intelligence report stated "[H]is successful career under Hitler would seem to indicate that he must be in full accord with Hitler." However he was admitted under Operation Paperclip on the grounds that he was "not an ardent Nazi." (13)

Other Nazis included Klaus Barbie, the so-called âButcher of Lyonâ, Otto von Bolschwing, infamous for his holocaust activities and the SS Colonel, Otto Skorzeny (14). However the cleansing of the files did not always stand up to the scrutiny of time. In 1984, Arthur Rudolph, who, in 1969 had been awarded NASAâs Distinguished Service Award, left the country rather than face charges as a Nazi war criminal.

Another former alleged Nazi was Wernher Von Braun. Born on 23rd March 1912, von Braun became one of the worldâs first and foremost rocket engineers and a leading authority on space travel. Born the son of Prussian aristocrats Baron Magnus and Baroness Emmy von Braun, the young Wernher (left) read Hermann Oberthâs âBy Rocket into Planetary Spaceâ (De Rakete zu den Planetenaumen), and his new interest led him to later enrol at the Berlin Institute of Technology in 1930. In 1932 he received his bachelorâs degree in mechanical engineering and he was then offered a grant to conduct and develop scientific investigations on liquid-fuelled rocket engines (15). Von Braunâs rocket experiments were tested at the Kummersdorf Proving Grounds, sixty miles south of Berlin, between 1932 and 1937.

Kummersdorf was the launch site of two German V-2 rockets in 1934 (16). After their launch, Braun started work on a jet-assisted take off vehicle for heavy bombers and all-rocket fighters (17) however Kummersdorf was too small for this task, and so von Braun relocated to Peenemunde on the Baltic Coast where he became director from 1937-1945. This site was then equipped with laboratories and industrial facilities to facilitate the development, production and testing of the German V-1 (Vengeance Weapon 1) and V-2, (Vengeance Weapon 2) rockets (18). It was this V-2 rocket that inflicted such heavy damage on England during the war. Von Braun was not a reluctant Nazi. Indeed, "he joined the National Socialist Aviation Corps, getting his pilotâs license in 1933, the DAF trade organisation, a hunting organisation associated with the Nazis, the air raid protection investigation, and the SS horseback riding school (19)." Von Braunâs own admissions in US Army records further show that he was a former SS Major who frequently visited the underground rocket factory where 25,000 prisoners from the concentration camp Dora had died. According to the former executive producer of CNNâs investigative unit, Linda Hunt, von Braun attended a meeting that discussed rounding up of citizens off the streets of France to be taken to Dora.

As the war entered its dying throws in 1945, von Braun ordered two men to find an abandoned mine in the Harz Mountains to hide data about the V-2s. Several large boxes were then placed in a discovered cave and von Braun sent his younger brother Magnus off on a bicycle he had borrowed from a local innkeeper to look for Allies to whom they could surrender. Von Braun and his scientific staff duly surrendered to the US Army whilst most of the production engineers were taken prisoner by the Soviets (20).

After entering America as part of Project Paperclip, on a pay of $6 a day plus lodging in a military installation, Braun worked on guided missiles for the US Army. He returned to Bavaria in 1948 to marry his second cousin and he later served as Technical Director then later Chief of the Guided Missile Development Division of Redstone Arsenal from 1950 to 1956 whilst living in Huntsville, Alabama (21). Von Braun was later appointed Director of Development Operations Division of the Army Missile Agency, which developed the Jupiter-C rocket that was to successfully launch the westernâs hemisphereâs first satellite, âExplorer-Iâ on 31st January 1958, auguring the birth of the American Space Programme (22).

Two years later von Braun and his team were transferred to NASAâs Marshall Space Flight Centre where he served as Director from July 1960 to February 1970. During the 1950s and 60s he achieved an almost celebrity status as one of Walt Disneyâs experts on the âWorld of Tomorrowâ. In 1970 he became NASAâs associate administrator and without him, it is unlikely that the organisation would ever have put man on the Moon.

Over a course of twenty years, von Braun received approximately 25 honorary degrees and he accepted many other awards and medals, presented to him from small cities, to NASA and even the President. (Right - Von Braun with President Kennedy.)

His dossier was apparently rewritten so he didnât appear an enthusiastic (alleged) Nazi and he attempted to play down his real Nazi involvement by claiming "In 1939 [sic] I was officially demanded to join the National Socialist Party. At this time I was already Technical Director at PeenemÃ¼nde â¦ The technical work had â¦ attracted attention at higher and higher levels. Thus, my refusal to join the party would have meant that I would have to abandon the work of my life. My membership in the party did not include any political activity (23)."

However, von Braunâs claim was simply untrue, for other scientists successfully used an old rule of the Weimar Republic that was still in use, forcing anyone in the military to abstain from political affiliation.

Wernher von Braunâs mentor, Hermann Oberth also entered the US after the war under Operation Paperclip. Born 25th June 1894 in the Transylvanian town of Hermannstadt, Oberth (right with von Braun) is widely recognised as the founding father of modern rocketry, having published the paper in 1923 that was to so inspire von Braun, âDie Rakete zu den Planetenraumenâ (By Rocket into Planetary Space.) This was followed by a longer version (429 pages) in 1929 that was internationally regarded as a work of tremendous scientific importance.

When in his thirties, Oberth took Wernher von Braun (who affectionately referred to Oberth as his âteacherâ) on as an assistant, and they worked together at Peenemunde developing the V2 rocket. After entering the US at the end of the war along with the remaining 100 V2 rockets and components, Oberth again worked with Von Braun as the entire Peenemunde team was re-assembled at the White Sands Proving Grounds. Oberth and Von Braun continued their work and it was a later development of the same V2 rocket which had inflicted so much damage on Northern Europe that was eventually to propel the first American into space in the Saturn V rocket. Oberth retired three years after entering the US and returned to Germany where he headed us the Oberth Commission for the German Government into the UFO phenomenon.

Another scientist who brought new knowledge to America was Viktor Schauberger. Although there is no evidence that Schauberger had Nazi sympathies, he was viewed by the Americans as a collaborator and put âinto protective custodyâ for six months at the end of the war.

Dr Walter Miethe, and Rudolph Schriever also entered America under Operation Paperclip, however it is believed that their colleague Habermohl fell into Russian hands.

Whilst in the US, Miethe continued his âflying diskâ work working primarily for the US Air Force, however he was sub-contracted to A. V. Roe and Company.

In 1959 Jack Judges, a freelance cameraman was flying over this companyâs plant in Canada when he saw and photographed this picture (left) of a disk shaped craft sitting on the ground.

After the photograph was published in the papers, speculation grew that the disk was a secret weapon, and one that may have accounted for many of the UFO sightings during previous years.

In response to the speculation, the US Air Force released the following official photograph of the craft. It was called the âAvroâ and had first been launched in 1955.

A CIA memo of that year confirmed that the craft was based work undertaken by German scientists, notably Miethe, during WWII. The design was later abandoned in the late 1960s with the Air Force maintaining it was still at an experimental stage when abandoned. The 1990s were to reveal the craft was part of the secret âProject Silver Bugâ, a project to develop a craft that had VTOL (vertical take-off and landing) capabilities that would dispense with the need for runways â and reduce the risks of such runways been targets of attack thus immobilising any aircraft that may rely on it.

Other German scientists similarly brought their expertise â and designs â into the US after the war. âAmericaâs Aircraft Year Bookâ notes how many of them worked at Ft. Bliss (von Braun et al above) and Wright Field:- the first and second homes of the Roswell wreckage. Among those in the German group at Wright Field were Rudolph Hermann, Alexander Lippisch, Heinz Schmitt, Helmut Heinrich, Fritz Doblhoff and Ernst Zundel.

Hermann was attached to the Peenemunde Research Station for Aerodynamics where Germanyâs V-2 rockets were hatched and launched against England. A specialist in supersonics, he was in charge of the supersonic wind tunnel at Kochel in the Bavarian Alps. He was also a member of the group entrusted with Hitlerâs futuristic plans to establish a space-station rocket-refuelling bases revolving as a satellite about the Earth at a distance of 4,000 miles â a scheme which he and certain high ranking AAF officers in 1947 still believed possible."

One of these scientists Dr. Alexander Lippisch had designed another German craft that could be mistaken at the time for a flying disc, certainly at least when viewed from the side.

Lippisch had developed a number of projects leading up to the war, having been inspired by witnessing a flight by Orville Wright in September 1909 when a boy of 14. By November 1944, Lippisch, along with his students, had constructed the DM-1 (left), a delta with 60Â° swept leading edges. This craft was later to be flown at a speed of 497mph under the power of a rocket motor, and was shipped back to the US at the end of the war along with its creator. The DM-1 was to inspire the design of many US delta-wing aircraft such as the F-102 and F-104.

Lippisch joined Collins Radio Company as an expert on special aeronautical problems and in 1966 founded the âLippisch Corporationâ. He went on to develop the X-113A Aerofoil Boat before dying in 1976 at the age of 81.

Another craft that looked suspiciously like a âflying diskâ was the AS-6. This craft was built by Arthur Sack following encouragement from Ernst Udet, Germanyâs Air Minister in 1939.

Constructed at the Mitteldeutsche Motorwerke Company, and completed at the Flugplatz-Werkstatt at the Brandis Air Base in early 1944, the plane was not a success, and not further developed.

A similar craft to the AS-6, the V-173, was built by âChance-Voughtâ, and known as the âflying pancakeâ. The V-173 has the honour of being the one occasion that the US authorities actually âadmittedâ that technologies developed in Germany during the war years could account for the wave of UFOs seen over America in the 1940s.

The Navy released this picture of a V-173 in 1947 during the wave of UFO excitement generated by Kenneth Arnoldâs sighting and the headline of the saucer crash at Roswell.

The Navy stated that the V-173 was the only craft in operation at that time that could in any way come close to the flying disks being sighted everywhere.

Certainly the V-173, or another development at Chance-Vought was mistaken for a UFO by a local resident Thomas C. Smith whilst working for the company a year before the famous Roswell incident.

In 1997 Smith disclosed his story which appeared in the Lancaster New Era newspaper in Lancaster, Pennsylvania on 12th July, 1997. In the article Smith stated he had seen a flying saucer, but not a visitor from another planet but one that "was a human-engineered, experimental aircraft nestled in a Connecticut hangar.

"âMy God, what is that?â the 20-year-old Smith wondered. âIt was standing there on these stilts.â It reminded Smith of something out of Orson Welles' 1938 radio broadcast âThe War of the Worlds,â about a Martian invasion of Earth. Armed with U.S. government security clearance, Smith watched, he says, as the 40-foot-wide elliptical craft hovered 10 feet off the ground and flew away, driven by twin propellers. A pilot lying in a cramped cockpit guided the craft. Smith, now a retired 72-year-old executive, recalled the experience during the UFO frenzy created by the 50th anniversary of the Roswell episode this month. Does he have proof that a craft like the one he saw crashed in Roswell during a test flight? No, but he says he believes that theory is more probable than visitors from outer space.

At the time, Smith was a mechanical-engineering graduate just out of Penn State University. He was working for Chance-Vought Aircraft in Stratford, Conn., which was building planes for the U.S. Navy. Smith was testing the high-altitude bonding of a composite material: wood sandwiched between two layers of metal.

He says he was curious about what would be built with the material, and since he had security clearance, a supervisor led him into a guarded hangar. He was shown a new jet the company was developing, but his attention was attracted to the other craft in the hangar, a flying saucer made of the material he had been testing.

âIt was very streamlined,â Smith recalls. The khaki-coloured saucer was a few inches thick at the edges to about two feet thick at the pilot's cockpit, which had a bubble window allowing the pilot to look forward and down at the ground. âI saw him get in, and he lay down flat,â Smith says. The craft had two propellers and rudders in the back. Smith went back at night to watch test flights. The saucer, he says, would float straight up, then fly off.

âThey'd get it off the ground and it would disappearâ into the darkness, he says. He says there were reports in the area of unidentified flying objects. About the time he left Chance-Vought in 1947, it moved operations to Texas, where it would have better conditions for test flights, Smith says." (24) Thus, Chance-Vought moved to a state next to New Mexico the year of the Roswell crash.

Other aircraft, at the time, seemed equally unconventional. In the 1930s and 1940s in Germany, the Horten brothers, Walter and Reimar, built a range of planes that they called the âHoâ series. The first of this series, the Ho I, was a simple flying-wing sail plane.

By the end of that decade the brothers had developed the Ho III, a metal framed glider that was fitted with a folding blade propeller for flight. Then in 1944 they finished the prototype HO IX, their first combat intended design, powered by the Junkers Jumo 004B turbojets, the craft had a metal frame and plywood exterior (Appendix I) It made its maiden flight on 2nd February 1945 and satisfied with its performance, the Air Ministry ordered forty of the craft to be built by the Goetha Waggonfabrik under the designation Ho-229.

When the US Third US Army Corps reached the Goetha plant on 14th April 1945 they took over the factory, and shipped back to the US the near completed HO IX V3.

Another similar looking craft was this âairplaneâ photographed in Germany at the end of the war.

In fact, many of these German designs seemingly account for many of the reports of Unidentified Flying Objects seen over the US after the war.

Kenneth Arnold himself described what he saw as a flying disc, yet when Arnold actually drew a picture of what he had seen, it looked little like the popularly conceived silver-round disc that readily springs to mind.

In fact, the diagram Kenneth Arnold actually drew of what he had seen that fateful day in 1947 looks remarkably like the German HO IX or other craft developed during the war.

...

Its contours and design are too much like the Haunebu craft to be a coincidence, and on the bottom left hand side can be seen one of the âbubblesâ.

This following picture was drawn following an alleged UFO touchdown near Kofu City, Yamanshi Prefecture in Japan on 23rd February 1975 â thirty years after cessation of hostilities in Europe. According to the artist, an occupant came out of the craft and touched a child on the shoulder, temporarily paralysing him. (Well, wouldnât you be startled if an alien touched you?)

The idea of such flying disks should come as no surprise for after the war there were a number of such designs in existence.

This craft was developed by the Lockheed Skunk Works in Palmdale, California.

An unmanned aerial reconnaissance vehicle, it had a saucer shaped body with long wings and could easily be mistaken for a flying disk when seen at certain angles.

This craft (below), is the prototype of a giant âflying saucerâ designed to revolutionise air transport. Designed by British firm, Airship Industries, the Skyship was planned to cruise at about 100 miles an hour at an altitude of 5000 feet.

It seems likely, therefore, that many of the UFO sighting reports made after the war can be accounted for by misidentified or unrecognised German/US designs that were being developed in a secrecy necessitated by firstly the Cold War and secondly by the fact that most of the technologies were the result of works undertaken by former Nazi scientists secretly and often illegally brought into the US.

...

Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - Guest - 11-02-2007

http://www.vigyanprasar.gov.in/comcom/vimana.htm

THE VIMANAS - the Ancient Flying Machines

Science & Technologies of Ancient Scripts

ANCIENT FLYING MACHINES

There are reference to flying machines in the temple carvings and in the ancient writings.

The images found on the ceiling beams of a 3000-year old New Kingdom Temple, located several hundred miles south of Cairo and the Giza Plateau, at Abydos resembles modern day Aircrafts.

Reference to ancient Indian flying vehicles comes from ancient Indian sources, many are the well known ancient Indian Epics, and there are literally hundreds of them. Most of them have not even been translated into English yet from the old sanskrit.

It is claimed that a few years ago, the Chinese discovered some sanskrit documents in Lhasa, Tibet and sent them to the University of Chandrigarh to be translated. Dr. Ruth Reyna of the University said recently that the documents contain directions for building interstellar spaceships!

Their method of propulsion, she said, was "anti-gravitational" and was based upon a system analogous to that of "laghima," the unknown power of the ego existing in man's physiological makeup, "a centrifugal force strong enough to counteract all gravitational pull."

According to Hindu Yogis, it is this "laghima" which enables a person to levitate. Dr. Reyna said that on board these machines, which were called "Astras" by the text, the ancient Indians could have sent a detachment of men onto any planet, according to the document, which is thought to be thousands of years old. The manuscripts were also said to reveal the secret of "antima"; "the cap of invisibility" and "garima"; "how to become as heavy as a mountain of lead."
19th Century Flying references

Shivkar Bapuji Talpade born in 1864, was a Sanskrit scholar. His birth place is Chirabazar at Dukkarwadi in Bombay. From his young age was attracted by the Vaimanika Sastra (Aeronautical Science) expounded by the great Indian sage Maharishi Bhardwaja.

One western scholar of Indology Stephen-Knapp has tried to explain what Talpade did. According to Knapp, the Vaimanika Shastra describes in detail, the construction of what is called, the mercury vortex engine the forerunner of the ion engines being made today.

Shivkur Bapuji Talpade's unmanned aircraft flew to a height of 1500 feet before crashing down and the historian. Knapp adds that additional information on the mercury engines can be found in the ancient Vedic text called Samaranga Sutradhara. This text also devotes 230 verses, to the use of these machines in peace and war.

The Indologist William Clarendon, who has written down a detailed description of the mercury vortex engine in his translation of Samaranga Sutradhara quotes thus Inside the circular air frame, place the mercury-engine with its solar mercury boiler at the aircraft center. By means of the power latent in the heated mercury which sets the driving whirlwind in motion a man sitting inside may travel a great distance in a most marvelous manner.

<img src='http://www.vigyanprasar.gov.in/comcom/images/vimana02.jpg' border='0' alt='user posted image' />

Four strong mercury containers must be built into the interior structure. When these have been heated by fire through solar or other sources the vimana (aircraft) develops thunder-power through the mercury. It is also added that this success of an Indian scientist was not liked by the Imperial rulers. Warned by the British Government the Maharaja of Baroda stopped helping Talpade. His efforts to make known the greatness of Vedic Shastras was recognised by Indian scholars, who gave him the title of Vidya Prakash Pra-deep.

<img src='http://www.vigyanprasar.gov.in/comcom/images/vimana01.jpg' border='0' alt='user posted image' />

Anti-Gravity Studies

The Indian Emperor Ashoka started a "Secret Society of the Nine Unknown Men": great Indian scientists who were supposed to catalogue the many sciences. Ashoka kept their work secret because he was afraid that the advanced science catalogued by these men, culled from ancient Indian sources, would be used for the evil purpose of war, which Ashoka was strongly against, having been converted to Buddhism after defeating a rival army in a bloody battle. The "Nine Unknown Men" wrote a total of nine books, presumably one each.

Book number was "The Secrets of Gravitation!" This book, known to historians, but not actually seen by them dealt chiefly with "gravity control." It is presumably still around somewhere, kept in a secret library in India, Tibet or elsewhere (perhaps even in North America somewhere). One can certainly undertand Ashoka's reasoning for wanting to keep such knowledge a secret, assuming it exists. if the Nazis had such weapons at their disposal during World War II. Ashoka was also aware devastating wars using such advanced vehicles and other "futuristic weapons" that had destoryed the ancient Indian "Rama Empire" several thousand years before.

According to ancient Indian texts, the people had flying machines which were called "Vimanas." The ancient Indian epic describes a Vimana as a double-deck, circular aircraft with portholes and a dome, much as we would imagine a flying saucer. It flew with the "speed of the wind" and gave forth a "melodious sound." There were at least four different types of Vimanas; some saucer shaped, others like long cylinders ("cigar shaped airships").

In 1875, the Vaimanika Sastra, a fourth century B.C. text written by Bharadvajy the Wise, using even older texts as his source, was rediscovered in a temple in India. It dealt with the operation of Vimanas and included information on the steering, precautions for long flights, protection of the airships from storms and lightening and how to switch the drive to "solar energy" from a free energy source which sounds like "anti-gravity."

The Vaimanika Sastra (or Vymaanika-Shaastra) has eight chapters with diagrams, describing three types of aircraft, including apparatuses that could neither catch on fire nor break. It also mentions 31 essential parts of these vehicles and 16 materials from which they are constructed, which absorb light and heat; for which reason they were considered suitable for the construction of Vimanas.

This document has been translated into English and is available by writing the publisher: VYMAANIDASHAASTRA AERONAUTICS by Maharishi Bharadwaaja, translated into English and edited, printed and published by Mr. G. R. Josyer, Mysore, India, 1979. Mr. Josyer is the director of the International Academy of Sanskrit Investigation located in Mysore. There seems to be no doubt that Vimanas were powered by some sort of "anti-gravity." Vimanas took off vertically, and were .

Vimanas were kept in a Vimana Griha, a kind of hanger, and were sometimes said to be propelled by a yellowish-white liquid, and sometimes by some sort of mercury compound, though writers seem confused in this matter. It is most likely that the later writers on Vimanas, wrote as observers and from earlier texts, and were understandably confused on the princible of their propulsion. The "yellowishwhite liquid" sounds suspiciously like gasoline, and perhaps Vimanas had a number of different propulsion sources, including combustion engines and even "pulse-jet" engines.

It is interesting to note that when Alexander the Great invaded India more than two thousand years ago, his historians chronicled that at one point they were attacked by "flying, fiery shields" that dove at his army and frightened the cavalry. These "flying saucers" did not use any atomic bombs or beam weapons on Alexander's army however, perhaps out of benevolence, and Alexander went on to conquer India.

It is interesting to note, that the Nazis developed the first practical pulse-jet engines for their V-8 rocket "buzz bombs." Hitler and the Nazi staff were exceptionally interested in ancient India and Tibet and sent expeditions to both these places yearly, starting in the 30's, in order to gather esoteric evidence that they did so, and perhaps it was from these people that the Nazis gained some of their scientific information! According to the Dronaparva, part of the Mahabarata, and the Ramayana, one Vimana described was shaped like a sphere and born along at great speed on a mighty wind generated by mercury.

It moved like a UFO, going up, down, backwards and forewards as the pilot desired. In another Indian source, the Samar, Vimanas were "iron machines, well-knit and smooth, with a charge of mercury that shot out of the back in the form of a roaring flame." Another work called the Samaranganasutradhara describes how the vehicles were constructed. It is possible that mercury did have something to do with the propulsion, or more possibly, with the guidance system. Curiously, Soviet scientists have discovered what they call "age-old instruments used in navigating cosmic vehicles" in caves in Turkestan and the Gobi Desert.

The "devices" are hemispherical objects of glass or porcelain, ending in a cone with a drop of mercury inside. It is evident that ancient Indians flew around in these vehicles, all over Asia, to Atlantis presumably; and even, apparently, to South America. Writing found at Mohenjodaro in Pakistan (presumed to be one of the "Seven Rishi Cities of the Rama Empire") and still undeciphered, has also been found in one other place in the world: Easter Island! Writing on Easter Island, called Rongo-Rongo writing, is also undeciphered, and is uncannily similar to the Mohenjodaro script.

In the Mahavira of Bhavabhuti, a Jain text of the eighth century culled from older texts and traditions, we read: "An aerial chariot, the Pushpaka, conveys many people to the capital of Ayodhya. The sky is full of stupendous flying-machines, dark as night, but picked out by lights with a yellowish glare-"

The Vedas, ancient Hindu poems, thought to be the oldest of all the Indian texts, describe Vimanas of various shapes and sizes: the "ahnihotra-vimana" with two engines, the "elephant-vimana" with more engines, and other types named after the kingfisher, ibis and other animals.

Unfortunately, Vimanas, like most scientific discoveries, were ultimately used for war. Atlanteans used their flying machines, "Vailixi," a similar type of aircraft, to literally try and subjugate the world, it would seem, if Indian texts are to be believed. The Atlanteans, known as "Asvins" in the Indian writings, were apparently even more advanced technologically than the Indians, and certainly of a more war-like temperment. Although no ancient texts on Atlantean Vailixi are known to exist, some information has come down through esoteric, "occult" sources which describe their flying machines. Similar, if not identical to Vimanas, Vailixi were generally "cigar shaped" and had the capability of manuvering underwater as well as in the atmosphere or even outer space. Other vehicles, like Vimanas, were saucer shaped, and could apparently also be submerged.

According to Eklal Kueshana, author of "The Ultimate Frontier," in an article he wrote in 1966, Vailixi were first developed in Atlantis 20,000 years ago, and the most common ones are "saucershaped of generally trapezoidal cross-section with three hemispherical engine pods on the underside." "They use a mechanical antigravity device driven by engines developing approximately 80,000 horse power." The Ramayana, Mahabarata and other texts speak of the hideous war that took place, some ten or twelve thousand years ago between Atlantis and Rama using weapons of destruction that could not be imagined by readers until the second half of this century. The ancient Mahabharata, one of the sources on Vimanas, goes on to tell the awesome destructiveness of the war: "...(the weapon was) a single projectile charged with all the power of the Universe.

"ANCIENT VIMANA AIRCRAFT" - a Contribution by John Burrows Sanskrit texts are filled with references to gods who fought battles in the sky using Vimanas equipped with weapons as deadly as any we can deploy in these more enlightened times. For example, there is a passage in the Ramayana which reads: "The Puspaka car that resembles the Sun and belongs to my brother was brought by the powerful Ravan; that aerial and excellent car going everywhere at will .... that car resembling a bright cloud in the sky." ".. and the King [Rama] got in, and the excellent car at the command of the Raghira, rose up into the higher atmosphere."

In the Mahabharatra, an ancient Indian poem of enormous length, we learn that an individual named Asura Maya had a Vimana measuring twelve cubits in circumference, with four strong wheels. The poem is a veritable gold mine of information relating to conflicts between gods who settled their differences apparently using weapons as lethal as the ones we are capable of deploying. Apart from 'blazing missiles', the poem records the use of other deadly weapons. 'Indra's Dart' operated via a circular 'reflector'. When switched on, it produced a 'shaft of light' which, when focused on any target, immediately 'consumed it with its power'. In one particular exchange, the hero, Krishna, is pursuing his enemy, Salva, in the sky, when Salva's Vimana, the Saubha is made invisible in some way. Undeterred, Krishna immediately fires off a special weapon: 'I quickly laid on an arrow, which killed by seeking out sound'.

Many other terrible weapons are described, quite matter of factly, in the Mahabharata, but the most fearsome of all is the one used against the Vrishis. The narrative records: "Gurkha flying in his swift and powerful Vimana hurled against the three cities of the Vrishis and Andhakas a single projectile charged with all the power of the Universe. An incandescent column of smoke and fire, as brilliant as ten thousands suns, rose in all its splendour. It was the unknown weapon, the Iron Thunderbolt, a gigantic messenger of death which reduced to ashes the entire race of the Vrishnis and Andhakas." It is important to note, that these kinds of records are not isolated. They can be cross-correlated with similiar reports in other ancient civilizations.

The after-affects of this Iron Thunderbolt have an ominously recognizable ring. Apparently, those killed by it were so burnt that their corpses were unidentifiable. The survivors fared little etter, as it caused their hair and nails to fall out. Perhaps the most disturbing and challenging, information about these allegedly mythical Vimanas in the ancient records is that there are some matter-of-fact records, describing how to build one. In their way, the instructions are quite precise. In the Sanskrit Samarangana Sutradhara, it is written: "Strong and durable must the body of the Vimana be made, like a great flying bird of light material. Inside one must put the mercury engine with its iron heating apparatus underneath. By means of the power latent in the mecrcury which sets the driving whirlwind in motion, a man sitting inside may travel a great distance in the sky. The movements of the Vimana are such that it can vertically ascend, vertically descend, move slanting forwards and backwards. With the help of the machines human beings can fly in the air and heavenly beings can come down to earth."

The Hakatha (Laws of the Babylonians) states quite unambiguously: "The privilege of operating a flying machine is great. The knowledge of flight is among the most ancient of our inheritances. A gift from 'those from upon high'. We received it from them as a means of saving many lives." More fantastic still is the information given in the ancient Chaldean work, The Sifrala, which contains over one hundred pages of technical details on building a flying machine. It contains words which translate as graphite rod, copper coils, crystal indicator, vibrating spheres, stable angles, etc.

Ancient Indian Aircraft Technology From The Anti-Gravity Handbook by D. Hatcher Childress Many researchers into the UFO enigma tend to overlook a very important fact. While it assumed that most flying saucers are of alien, or perhaps Governmental Military origin, another possible origin of UFOs is ancient India and Atlantis. What we know about ancient Indian flying vehicles comes from ancient Indian sources; written texts that have come down to us through the centuries. There is no doubt that most of these texts are authentic; many are the well known ancient Indian Epics themselves, and there are literally hundreds of them. Most of them have not even been translated into English yet from the old sanskrit. The Indian

Reference:

Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - Guest - 11-02-2007

Ancient Indian Spacecraft
And Aircraft Technology
By The Hindu Staff Reporter
1-6-5

TIRUPATI --'India had a treasure trove of hitech warfare technology that even the 'mighty West' does not possess. The Brahmastra and Vimana used in the pre-Mahabharata period are nothing but the earlier versions of today's nuclear weapons and spacecraft.'

It is this feeling that one would get after listening to a lecture on 'High Technology in Ancient Sanskrit Literature' by Mr. C. S. R. Prabhu, senior scientist, NIC, Hyderabad, on Thursday as part of the three- day Indo-Nepal Sanskrit Conference, currently underway at the Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeetha here.

Mr. Prabhu, quoting extensively from ancient texts, stressed that the pre-Mahabharata period was an age of high technology, which was ignored in the Medieval period due to reasons not known.

He quoted from the texts of a great scholar, Subbaraya Sastry, who, in a state of yogic trance, is said to have orally dictated the spacecraft technology in a period somewhere between 1875 and 1919, which was recorded by his disciples. The text, a copy of which is still in Nepal's Royal Library, contained technical details on assembling, fabricating and erecting a spacecraft, the metals, semi-conductors, advanced alloys used and other minute aeronautical information. //again evidence of occult in obtaining higher technology, same as that in Vril mediums such as Maria Orsic, Sigrun etc Though quite difficult to be believed on the face of it, the fact that this technology did not exist anywhere in the world - not even in America and Europe - in the mentioned period, makes it hard for one to disbelieve.

The technical information given in Sastry's texts was as minute, precise and clear, as if it were a 'Make your own spacecraft' or a 'Spacecraft technology in 30 days' except for the Sanskrit language used, which was very much archaic and obsolete, Mr. Prabhu said. On a tip on making an alloy, the text said 'Krishnaseesam Chanjanikam Vajrathundam samamsathaha' from which the real meaning of 'Vajrathundam' (used in that context), could not be found in any contemporary Sanskrit dictionary. ''After a great amount of interaction with ayurvedic specialists and Swamijis with intuitive interpretations, it turned out to be the cactus plant,'' he said.

To further strengthen his claim, he said there were wall paintings in some forts in Rajasthan depicting the use of rockets in Mughal warfare and even by Tipu Sultan of Mysore. Another interesting fact he gave was that the spacecraft could become invisible on its own. The lead alloy (Thamogarbha loha) used in making the body of the spacecraft would absorb light around it in a photo chemical reaction that would make it disappear.

On testing the Krishna seesa metal mentioned in the formula in the laboratory of Birla Institute of Science, Hyderabad, Mr. Prabhu found the metal absorbing 78 per cent of laser light, which means, any other light could be easily absorbed, giving ample proof that there existed a technology to make things invisible. Also the use of an alloy of copper, zinc and lead made the spacecraft's body resist corrosion by 1000 times over that of the current levels. Using Ararakamra material for the axle and wheels had made it possible for taking 'U' turns and serpentine movements.

An astonishing fact is that the Ararakamra metal was an alloy of copper, zinc, lead and iron, the combination of which is impossible, according to modern metallurgy. Technically, the ''Young's modulus'' of this metal is said to be higher than that of steel, making it stronger. As the spacecraft had to be capable of resisting high temperature, on re- entering our atmosphere from the outer space, its body was made with a metal called 'Raja Loha'. Its special feature was that apart from resisting heat, it converted light from lightnings into energy. To crosscheck all these details, there were no furnaces available in Hyderabad to melt metals at a high temperature of 2500 degrees celcius, Mr. Prabhu lamented.

Another hitch came into his research in the form of the 'energy' used. 'Though the texts explained that the spacecraft was propelled by 'Sourasakthi', modern solar technology does not generate so much power to drag a rocket', he pointed out. Later he found out to his bewilderment that it was a kind of 'nuclear power' that was used in those days. 'The solar power, when coupled with gamma rays produced nuclear energy that had the power to propel a rocket', Mr. Prabhu observed.

He even spoke on 'Tripura Vimana' that was used to travel in space, water and on land, by using the metal 'Trinetra loha'. Mr. Prabhu said he had submitted the model and some more information on the 'super metal' to the Indian Metal Society Conference and further claimed that the advisor to the government on scientific affairs Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam too had asked him to bring the design of the plane.

A committee which was appointed by Indian Institute of Science to investigate into it, declared Sastry's texts as 'fraud',//dhimmis strike back .. it seems modern western science curtails the human mind rather than expand it. but Mr. Prabhu reasons that the descriptions mentioned in the ancient texts were perhaps too advanced to believe, making the committee to hastily come to the conclusion. He wanted a national level effort to prove that the so called 'myths' were in fact, scientific formulae on advanced technology. He said he had proposed a project called 'Bharadwaja Institute of Vedic Science and Technology', the objective of which was to derive, decipher and reproduce advanced methodologies and processes from Vedic and post-Vedic Sanskrit texts, for which he sought government's support.

More Reading On This Subject -

http://ebusiness.ada.gov.in/library/librar...ikaShastra1.htm

Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - ramana - 11-02-2007

Here is the dhimmis strikeback paper.

Critical study of Vaimanika Shastra

We should be aware of the gaps or lacuna that is pointed out and seek to fill them.

I think the figures are litteral interpretation of the poetic verses. They could be aerodynamic ofr all we know just as we dont know the color of the dinosaurs.

All those refs cant be peotic imagination. As the Westerners say no smoke without fire.

Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - Guest - 11-02-2007

Germans without any history of any vimana stuff, started from scratch and used occult or whatever medium they could lay their hands upon and built up an entire awesome technological platform.

On the other hand the dhimmis are arguing in every possible way as to how it is not possible. A group of GangaDin's who are standing up for the west (knowingly or unknowingly but effect is same) more than the most ardent western chauvinist himself. We have analysed dhimmitude in historians, DIE and everyone. What has not been done until now is to explore dhimmitude in scientific/physicist circles. that seems to be another animal.

The need of hour is to be exploratory and build up theories using ones own logic, BECAUSE ITS ALREADY BEEN DONE BEFORE WHETHER THEY LIKE IT OR NOT. And here these clowns are wasting their time thinking how every possible thing cannot be done.

Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - Hauma Hamiddha - 11-03-2007

I fear for all our patriotic fervor this vyomayAnaM needs a reality check. See below:
..........
As kids we had a fascination for the vaimAnika shAstra. Later it almost became a refrain of ridicule used to deride Hindus who were sympathetic towards the knowledge of their ancients. It was used a strawman to argue that every claim of traditional Hindu knowledge was a hoax. Goaded by R and N we were keen to find out the reality about this unusual and notorious text. Our initial investigations several years ago the on vaimAknika shAstra led us to an edition of it by GR Josyer (This text has now been made available from the Sacred Texts Site). We were given a clue in the early 2000's by a knowledgeable Hindu author named Vishal Agrawal that a second transcript of it existed in the Royal library of Baroda. However, he was unable to furnish any further details, saying merely he had read so somewhere. Following on this with R and N we discovered a second earlier publication of the same text by the Arya Samaj of Shri Dayanand and obtained a copy of it. Not surprisingly the Arya Samaj claimed that it was a proof for Shri Dayanand's assertion that all knowledge lay in the vedas. However, an examination of the Arya samaj edition shows that it was not based on Josyer's transcript, but based on the Baroda transcript.

Thus, we have have the following history of the transcripts:
1) As per Josyer we learn that the smArta paNDita, subbarAya shAstrI was a learned, poor brAhmaNa from South India. He claimed to have "seen" an lost text titled the vaimAnika shAstra, fragment of the yantra sarvasva by bhAradvAja and began dictating it. A certain veMkaTAchala sharman copied this down in notebooks between 1918-1923. Eventually Josyer, a saMskR^ita paNDita from Mysore got hold of these notebooks and published it with a translation in 1973.
2) A transcript of the text was made from an unknown source in 1918 and deposited in the Baroda Royal library.
3) Transcripts from Pune (I do not know where they are currently housed, but photographed by Arya Samaj and stored with them) have the marking "transcribed by go. veMkaTAchala sharman in 19/8/1919 and 3/6/1919" on them. The latter two transcripts were used in making the Arya Samaj edition of which Josyer seems to be blissfully unaware.

Now all the confirmed transcripts, while widely distributed over peninsular India, appear to date roughly from 1918 earliest. These point to a common source, which could be either subbarAya shAstrI or someone from whom he obtained it in turn. We may note that the around WWI the importance of air force and aviation was on the rise and catching popular imagination. It is possible that subbarAya shAstrI, a traditional Hindu, might have seen the parallel between the newly invented airplanes and the descriptions of vimAnas in old Hindu lore. So this might have inspired him to think in terms of a shAstra that Hindus might have had to make those vimAnas described in their lore. Josyer also mentions that subbarAya shAstrI had friend named sUryanArAyaNa rao who had some interest in physics. This man published some journal on scientific topics in which subbarAya shAstrI wrote. It is not surprising if they developed an interest in airplanes and the like together, with rao provide shAstrI some rudimentary ideas about physics.

Some points of note:
Even though it is termed a shAstra in reality it is structured unlike any traditional shAstra. While composed in shloka meter it actually contains sUtra-s attributed to bharadvAja and a commentary on the sUtras by a certain bodhAnanda. The sUtra-s themselves are very vague with most specificity coming from the commentary part. This is not true of genuine sUtras (e.g shrauta sUtra-s or darshana mUla sUtra-s), which while laconic are not entirely obscure. The bodhAnanda vR^itti part is laden with citations of many texts, the most important of which are never mentioned in any other Hindu work and are not found in manuscript form anywhere in India. Examples of these are: vimAna-chandrikA, vAlmIki gaNita, vyomayAna-tantra, yantra-kalpa, yAna-bindu, kheta-yAna pradIpikA, vyomayAnArka-prakAsha, amshu-bodhini, yantra-a~NgopasamhAra, R^ik-hR^idaya etc. This is the main point which makes the whole vaimAnika a work of fiction rather than anything even close to a genuine piece of traditional knowledge. The invocation of shiva at the beginning and subsequent description of shiva as the founder of vaimanika vidya, suggests that shiva was the author's personal devatA.

The text is aware of tAntric prayoga-s for the purpose of flights, such as guTika-s and pAduka-s, which have a long history in India. But it does not detail any such prayoga-s other than mentioning a few by name like ChinnamastA, bhairavI and bhuvaneshvarI. The author was clearly familiar to a certain extent with tAntric practices. The text does not have any principles of aerodynamics or physics, but is of a descriptive kind with long lists and enumerations. The author seems to follow the tantra and purANa-s in a general sense in list ingredients for vimAna making: In one place in describing the extraction of metal he lists: gUnjA, ka~Njala, tajadabhanga, ku~njara, and kara~Nja, prANa-kshara, hingoo,parpaTa, ghoNTikA, jaTA-mAmsI vidArA~Ngini, and matsyAkShi as plant material with which the metal is heated. The author has a vivid imagination enumerating devices like cameras and solar power, but not really providing constructional details in many cases. All in all these issues make it a piece of Hindu science fiction, albeit finding expression in a peculiar fashion as a shAstra.

Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - Hauma Hamiddha - 11-03-2007

But closer to reality:
...........

The vimAna has been noticed by many since the publication of the samarA~NgaNa sUtradhAra (SS) of the great rAja bhoja-deva paramAra. The description is certainly obscure in parts (especially given the corrupt manuscripts), but what can be made sense of in the account definitely describes a flying machine. Many years ago when we had talked about this and both R and N expressed their skepticism that anything like this could have ever been really mentioned in the Hindu texts. After all, they chimed, there is enough reason to believe that the vaimAnika shAstra was a hoax of a text. While I was skeptic of the vaimAnika, I did know that bhoja-deva's work was real and so also the mention of the vimAna in it. So, I took these two to the library of Samskrit texts where I had a special inner access and showed them the text. Now many years later while planning new scripts for nATaka-s we ended up talking of it again- of course starting with the famous topic: did Hindus have an airplane?

The SS 31 clearly mentions a ambarchAri-vimAna in addition to several other mysterious yantras which apparently include "robots" like dvArapAla yantra, yodhA yantra and gaja-yantra. In describing the vimAna the SS states the following SS 31.95-98:

laghu-dAru-mayaM mahAviha~NgaM dR^iDha-sushliShTa-tanuM vidhAya tasya |
udare rasa-yantraM-AdhIta jvalAdhAram-adho.asya chAgni-pUrNaM ||
tatrArUDhaH pUruShas-tasya pakSha-dvandvoch-chAla-proj-jhitenAnilena |
supta-svAntaH pAradasyAsya shaktyA chitraM kurvan-nambare yAti dUraM ||
itthmeva suramandira-tulyaM sa~nchalatya-laghu dAru vimAnam |
AdadhIta vidhinA chaturo.antas-tasya pArada-bhR^itAn dR^iDha-kumbhAn ||
ayaH kapAlAhita-mandavahni-pratapta-tat-kumbha-bhuvA guNena |
vyomno jhagityAbharaNa tvameti santatapta-garjad-rasa-rAja-shaktyA ||

From the description its fairly clear, even factoring in the mention of rasa, that it is not a vimAna flying by mantra prayoga, but a real mechanical yantra. Amongst the scholars the learned VRR Dikshitar in his book on war in ancient India, and the great V. Raghavan in his essay on Hindu machines, are inclined to believe that vimAna was a real flying machine. But the other erudite scholar Vasudevasharan Agarwala who re-edited the SS with a new manuscript believes it is imaginary. While I fully admit that the description given by the king can hardly be used to make a vimAna today, one can glean some prominent features of it:
1) It was made of light wood- at least conceptually it was something light so as to fly. 2) It had a mercury-containing device in its "belly" and fire and at the rear end. 3) Its body was well-welded (or firmly joined) and had two wings and resembled a large bird. 4) Repeatedly the king says it runs by the "power" of mercury, which is described as contained in four firm pots/vessels. These are heated by a slow fire from an iron heating vessel. "Powered by mercury it roars into the sky".

Now the SS is fairly serious about this mercury power business: Immediately after the vimAna, king bhoja mentions a yantra powered by heated mercury again, which is used for duShTa-gajochchATana (over-throwing of enemy elephants). It is supposed to create a roar like nR^isimha. The possibility of engine using mercury comes to mind - between the 1930-1950 there were experimental engine designs (The William Emmet engines) using Hg as the working fluid used in power plants. While they were more efficient than the steam turbines, cost and hazards of mercury put an end to the endeavors. It should be remarked that one of the early models of James Watt's rotary engines also used Hg as a working fluid. However, the possibility of such devices powering flight is considered remote by engineers.

Having reached the end of this line of inquiry, we looked at comparative evidence from other texts and civilization. In the west the invention of the engine is normally attributed to a yavana sage Hero of Alexandria who composed on mechanics around 500-100 CE. One of his devices is the aeolipile, which literally means the door of wind (Aeolus and his 11 sons the Aeolii being wind deities). Interestingly, many of the machines of Hero are parallel to that of bhoja's yantra-s. His collections include water machines (Pneumatica), machines for creating wonders in temples like opening temple doors, statues that pour libations etc. (Automata), figures the move and perform drama (automata theater), directions for architects, including means of lifting heavy objects (Mechanica) and siege and war machines (Belopoeica). Likewise amongst bhoja-s yantra-s we have: 1) the vAri-yantra running on water flow, 2) yantra-s for creating adbhuta-s (wonders) like showing fire in water 3) "Robotic" parrot, elephant and men and women act together, automatic beating of drums. 4)A remote controlled door-keeper for the night who blocks thieves. 5)uchChraya-yantra:a mechanical lift for raising objects 6) Siege machines for defending forts and robotic door guards.

These parallels are reminiscent of such other similarities between the Greek and Hindu worlds. In particular the use of wonders in temples, which appears to be very important for Hero of Alexandria, is a critical aspect of the Neo-Platonic religious thought (theurgy), along with temple construction and image-veneration. This cultural element has so much in parallel with India that it is not surprising to find yantra-s in a Hindu work that otherwise deals with religious architecture in large measure. Another point to note in this context is the parallel between Hero's formula for the area of a triangle and brahmagupta's generalization for the the cyclic quadrilateral. Thus, irrespective of their place of origin, we may surmise that ideas for mechanical devices, along with many other scientific, pagan religious, cultural and mathematical ideas, were very much a part of the shared ancient thought system that encompassed bhArata and Greece. Given the aeolipile, it is not impossible that Hindu-s devised some version of an engine (perhaps rotary) with Hg as the working fluid (the howls of the skeptics and the toxicity of mercury notwithstanding). While I am personally skeptical about how such a device might have powered flight, we should at least credit bhoja with a rather prescient bit of thinking: using an engine to power an aircraft.

Finally, one yantra mentioned by king bhoja caught my attention -- the sUryAdi-graha-gati-pradarshana-paraM gola-bhramaNaM.
The king says (SS 31.61-62): golash-cha sUchi-vihitaH sUryAdInAM pradakShiNaM |
pari-bhrAmyaty-ahorAtraM grahANAM darshayan gatiM |
[Images of] The sun and the planets are made to revolve without any connection and these revolutions show the occurrence of day and night and the motions of planets. Thus, bhoja-deva describes a yantra that simulates the solar system. This immediately brings to mind the recently described analysis of an ancient artifact that was discovered in a ship-wreck over 100 years ago- the Antikythera mechanism from Greece. It is interpreted as a mechanical device to simulate the sun, moon and probably planets and successfully compute eclipses. That, such devices were used in the yavana world, is confirmed by a statement by the Roman author Cicero who saw the device captured from Archimedes by the Roman general Marcellus. In his de Natura Deorum Cicero mentions that his friend Posidonius had made a machine in which "each one of the revolutions of which brings about the same movement in the sun and moon and five wandering stars as is brought about each day and night in the heavens." This last statement is indeed reminiscent of the record of bhoja-deva.

All things taken together, Neo-Platonic Western Eurasia and bhArata at the time of bhoja-deva's era were "technologically" rather developed (also note the remarkable description of the cranial surgery performed on bhoja-deva himself). But in both places the violent visitations of the Abrahamistic madness obliterated or defaced these old worlds. This is a point often overlooked by many, especially in the West.

Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - Guest - 11-03-2007

Abnormal discussion ? <img src='style_emoticons/<#EMO_DIR#>/laugh.gif' border='0' style='vertical-align:middle' alt='laugh.gif' />

A better word might be Paranormal. But why not just 'News & discussion' ??

Vimana Shastra And Maya Civilization - Guest - 11-03-2007

QUOTEserious about this mercury power business: Immediately after the vimAna, king bhoja mentions a yantra powered by heated mercury again, which is used for duShTa-gajochchATana (over-throwing of enemy elephants). It is supposed to create a roar like nR^isimha. The possibility of engine using mercury comes to mind - between the 1930-1950 there were experimental engine designs (The William Emmet engines) using Hg as the working fluid used in power plants. While they were more efficient than the steam turbines, cost and hazards of mercury put an end to the endeavors. It should be remarked that one of the early models of James Watt's rotary engines also used Hg as a working fluid. However, the possibility of such devices powering flight is considered remote by engineers.

the role of mercury has been mentioned innumerable times in ancient techs as well as German efforts. This needs to be investigated deeply without need for external and institutional validation. Its role in post-modern technology can be discounted because the idea after WWII was to tie the world down to oil-driven tech and every other form of locomotion was discouraged at the stage of possible take-off.