<!--QuoteBegin-acharya+Dec 20 2005, 02:56 AM-->QUOTE(acharya @ Dec 20 2005, 02:56 AM)<!--QuoteEBegin-->
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R1A1's epicenter seems to be in Pamir region. From here it seems to have spread in one direction to Central Asia and Europe and in another to interior India.
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R1A1 (M17) had a temporary refuge in the Pamir Area during the last glacial freeze. From there, it reexpanded to the North following M173's (R1b) former route. It definitely did originate in interior India. Oppenheimer gives a similar picture for the colonization of the Tibetan plateau from SE Asia; the tibetans hunkered down during the last freeze with an inconsequential flow back to SEA but reexpanded north when the freeze ended. Incidentally, this finding places the "Sino-Tibetan-burmese" origin to the South and redefines the relationship between Tibetan, Burmese, and Northern Chinese.
Oppenheimer:
For me and for Toomas Kivisild, South Asia is logically the ultimate origin of M17 and his ancestors; and sure enough we find highest rates and greatest diversity of the M17 line in Pakistan, India, and eastern Iran, and low rates in the Caucasus. M17 is not only more diverse in South Asia than in Central Asia but diversity *characterizes* its presence in isolated tribal groups in the south, thus undermining any theory of M17 as a marker of a `male Aryan Invasion of India', (p. 152).
Study of the geographical distribution and the diversity of genetic branches and stems again suggests that Ruslan, along with his son M17, arose early in South Asia, somewhere near India, and subsequently spread not only south-east to Australia but also north, directly to Central Asia, before splitting east and west into Europe and East Asia (p. 153).
<span style='color:blue'>
R1A1's epicenter seems to be in Pamir region. From here it seems to have spread in one direction to Central Asia and Europe and in another to interior India.
</span>
[right][snapback]43436[/snapback][/right]
<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->
R1A1 (M17) had a temporary refuge in the Pamir Area during the last glacial freeze. From there, it reexpanded to the North following M173's (R1b) former route. It definitely did originate in interior India. Oppenheimer gives a similar picture for the colonization of the Tibetan plateau from SE Asia; the tibetans hunkered down during the last freeze with an inconsequential flow back to SEA but reexpanded north when the freeze ended. Incidentally, this finding places the "Sino-Tibetan-burmese" origin to the South and redefines the relationship between Tibetan, Burmese, and Northern Chinese.
Oppenheimer:
For me and for Toomas Kivisild, South Asia is logically the ultimate origin of M17 and his ancestors; and sure enough we find highest rates and greatest diversity of the M17 line in Pakistan, India, and eastern Iran, and low rates in the Caucasus. M17 is not only more diverse in South Asia than in Central Asia but diversity *characterizes* its presence in isolated tribal groups in the south, thus undermining any theory of M17 as a marker of a `male Aryan Invasion of India', (p. 152).
Study of the geographical distribution and the diversity of genetic branches and stems again suggests that Ruslan, along with his son M17, arose early in South Asia, somewhere near India, and subsequently spread not only south-east to Australia but also north, directly to Central Asia, before splitting east and west into Europe and East Asia (p. 153).