02-09-2008, 08:37 AM
<!--QuoteBegin-->QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin--><!--QuoteBegin--><div class='quotetop'>QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin-->Two genetic studies negate the indological ATT, AMT, AIT
Two genetic studies by scientists including Gyaneshwer Chaubey and Toomas Kivisild which negate the Aryan Trickle-in/ Tourist/Migration /Invasion Theory and point to the indigenous and autochthonous evolution of populations and languages of Bharatam that is India.
Congratulations to Gyaneshwer Chaubey and the team of researchers led by Toomas Kivisild .
kalyanaraman<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->
Int J Hum Genet, 8(1-2): 41-50 (2008)
<b>Language Shift by Indigenous Population: A Model Genetic Study in South Asia</b>
Gyaneshwer Chaubey1,2*, Mait Metspalu1, Monika Karmin1, Kumarasamy Thangaraj2, Siiri Rootsi1, Juri Parik1, Anu Solnik1, Deepa Selvi Rani2, Vijay Kumar Singh2, B. Prathap Naidu,
Alla G. Reddy2, Ene Metspalu1, Lalji Singh2, Toomas Kivisild1,3 and Richard Villems1
1. Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu and Estonian Biocentre, Tartu, Estonia 2. Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India 3. Leverhulme Centre of Human Evolutionary Studies, The Henry Wellcome Building, University of Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Street, Cambridge, CB2 1QH, UK
KEYWORDS Mushar; language shift; mtDNA; Y-chromosome
<b>ABSTRACT</b>
Language shift is a phenomenon where a new language is adopted by a population with virtually no influence on its genetic makeup. We report here the results of a case study, carried out on the Mushar populations, which is thought to have undergone language shift from Munda (an Austro-Asiatic language) to Hindi (an Indo- European language). We compared the mtDNA and Y-chromosomal phylogenies of this population with those of the neighbouring Indo-European and Austro-Asiatic speaking populations, standing at similar social status. The results revealed much closer genetic affinity of the Mushar people to the neighbouring Austro-Asiatic (Mundari) populations, than to the neighbouring Hindi-speaking populations. This example shows that the language shift as such is not necessarily a signal for a rapid genetic admixture, either maternally or paternally.
Corresponding Author: Gyaneshwer Chaubey,
Department of Evolutionary Biology, Tartu University
and Estonian Biocentre, Riia 23 Tartu, 51010
Estonia Telephone: (372) 7 375 052 Fax: (372) 7 420 194
E-mail: gyanc@ebc.ee
Full text can be downloaded from: http://tinyurl.com/2z3tcb
Hum Hered 2008;66:1â9 DOI: 10.1159/000114160
<b>Maternal Footprints of Southeast Asians in North India</b>
Kumarasamy Thangaraj a Gyaneshwer Chaubey a, b, n Toomas Kivisild b, c Deepa Selvi Rani a Vijay Kumar Singh a Thanseem Ismail a Denise Carvalho-Silva d Mait Metspalu b L.V.K.S. Bhaskar aAlla G. Reddy a Sarat Chandra e Veena Pande f B. Prathap Naidu a Niharika Adarsh gAbhilasha Verma h Inaganti Amara Jyothi i Chandana Basu Mallick j Nidhi Shrivastava k Ragala Devasena l Babita Kumari m Amit Kumar Singh n Shailendra Kumar Dhar Dwivedi n Shefali Singh n Geeta Rao n Pranav Gupta n Vartika Sonvane o Kavita Kumari m Afsar Basha p
K.R. Bhargavi i Albert Lalremruata q Arvind Kumar Gupta j Gurukamal Kaur r K.K. Reddy s A. Papa Rao s Richard Villems b Chris Tyler-Smith d Lalji Singh a *
a Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad , India; b Estonian Biocentre and Tartu University, Tartu , Estonia;c Leverhulme Centre of Human Evolutionary Studies, University of Cambridge, Cambridge , d The Wellcome TrustSanger Institute, Hinxton Cambs , UK; e Nagaland University, Nagaland , f Kumaun University, Nainital , g BIMR College ofLife Science, Gwalior , h Bundelkhand University, Jhansi , i JJ College of Arts and Science, Pudukottai , j APS University,Rewa , k GGD University, Bilaspur , l DS College of Arts and Science for women, Perambalur , m TM Bhagalpur University,Bhagalpur , n VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur , o BarkatUllah University, Bhopal , p St. Josph's PG College, Kurnool ,q Loyola College, Chennai , r Guru Nanak Dev University, s S. V. University, Tirupati , India
<b>Abstract</b>
We have analyzed 7,137 samples from 125 different caste, tribal and religious groups of India and 99 samples from three populations of Nepal for the length variation in the COII/tRNA Lys region of mtDNA. Samples showing length variation were subjected to detailed phylogenetic analysis based on HVS-I and informative coding region sequence variation. The overall frequencies of the 9-bp deletion and insertion variants in South Asia were 1.9 and 0.6%, respectively. We have also defined a novel deep-rooting haplogroup M43 and identified the rare haplogroup H14 in Indian populations carrying the 9-bp deletion by complete mtDNA sequencing. Moreover, we redefined haplogroup M6 and dissected it into two well-defined subclades. The presence of haplogroups F1 and B5a in Uttar Pradesh suggests minor maternal contribution from Southeast Asia to Northern India. The occurrence of haplogroup F1 in the Nepalese sample implies that Nepal might have served as a bridge for the flow of eastern lineages to India. The presence of R6 in the Nepalese, on the other hand, suggests that the gene flow between India and Nepal has been reciprocal.
Received: March 21, 2007
Accepted after revision: August 27, 2007
Published online: January 28, 2008
Dr. Lalji Singh/Dr. K. Thangaraj
Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad-500 007 (India)
Tel. +91 40 2716 0789, Fax +91 40 2716 0591
E-Mail lalji@ccmb.res.in, thangs@ccmb.res.in
http://tinyurl.com/yrdz5b
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Two genetic studies by scientists including Gyaneshwer Chaubey and Toomas Kivisild which negate the Aryan Trickle-in/ Tourist/Migration /Invasion Theory and point to the indigenous and autochthonous evolution of populations and languages of Bharatam that is India.
Congratulations to Gyaneshwer Chaubey and the team of researchers led by Toomas Kivisild .
kalyanaraman<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->
Int J Hum Genet, 8(1-2): 41-50 (2008)
<b>Language Shift by Indigenous Population: A Model Genetic Study in South Asia</b>
Gyaneshwer Chaubey1,2*, Mait Metspalu1, Monika Karmin1, Kumarasamy Thangaraj2, Siiri Rootsi1, Juri Parik1, Anu Solnik1, Deepa Selvi Rani2, Vijay Kumar Singh2, B. Prathap Naidu,
Alla G. Reddy2, Ene Metspalu1, Lalji Singh2, Toomas Kivisild1,3 and Richard Villems1
1. Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu and Estonian Biocentre, Tartu, Estonia 2. Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India 3. Leverhulme Centre of Human Evolutionary Studies, The Henry Wellcome Building, University of Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Street, Cambridge, CB2 1QH, UK
KEYWORDS Mushar; language shift; mtDNA; Y-chromosome
<b>ABSTRACT</b>
Language shift is a phenomenon where a new language is adopted by a population with virtually no influence on its genetic makeup. We report here the results of a case study, carried out on the Mushar populations, which is thought to have undergone language shift from Munda (an Austro-Asiatic language) to Hindi (an Indo- European language). We compared the mtDNA and Y-chromosomal phylogenies of this population with those of the neighbouring Indo-European and Austro-Asiatic speaking populations, standing at similar social status. The results revealed much closer genetic affinity of the Mushar people to the neighbouring Austro-Asiatic (Mundari) populations, than to the neighbouring Hindi-speaking populations. This example shows that the language shift as such is not necessarily a signal for a rapid genetic admixture, either maternally or paternally.
Corresponding Author: Gyaneshwer Chaubey,
Department of Evolutionary Biology, Tartu University
and Estonian Biocentre, Riia 23 Tartu, 51010
Estonia Telephone: (372) 7 375 052 Fax: (372) 7 420 194
E-mail: gyanc@ebc.ee
Full text can be downloaded from: http://tinyurl.com/2z3tcb
Hum Hered 2008;66:1â9 DOI: 10.1159/000114160
<b>Maternal Footprints of Southeast Asians in North India</b>
Kumarasamy Thangaraj a Gyaneshwer Chaubey a, b, n Toomas Kivisild b, c Deepa Selvi Rani a Vijay Kumar Singh a Thanseem Ismail a Denise Carvalho-Silva d Mait Metspalu b L.V.K.S. Bhaskar aAlla G. Reddy a Sarat Chandra e Veena Pande f B. Prathap Naidu a Niharika Adarsh gAbhilasha Verma h Inaganti Amara Jyothi i Chandana Basu Mallick j Nidhi Shrivastava k Ragala Devasena l Babita Kumari m Amit Kumar Singh n Shailendra Kumar Dhar Dwivedi n Shefali Singh n Geeta Rao n Pranav Gupta n Vartika Sonvane o Kavita Kumari m Afsar Basha p
K.R. Bhargavi i Albert Lalremruata q Arvind Kumar Gupta j Gurukamal Kaur r K.K. Reddy s A. Papa Rao s Richard Villems b Chris Tyler-Smith d Lalji Singh a *
a Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad , India; b Estonian Biocentre and Tartu University, Tartu , Estonia;c Leverhulme Centre of Human Evolutionary Studies, University of Cambridge, Cambridge , d The Wellcome TrustSanger Institute, Hinxton Cambs , UK; e Nagaland University, Nagaland , f Kumaun University, Nainital , g BIMR College ofLife Science, Gwalior , h Bundelkhand University, Jhansi , i JJ College of Arts and Science, Pudukottai , j APS University,Rewa , k GGD University, Bilaspur , l DS College of Arts and Science for women, Perambalur , m TM Bhagalpur University,Bhagalpur , n VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur , o BarkatUllah University, Bhopal , p St. Josph's PG College, Kurnool ,q Loyola College, Chennai , r Guru Nanak Dev University, s S. V. University, Tirupati , India
<b>Abstract</b>
We have analyzed 7,137 samples from 125 different caste, tribal and religious groups of India and 99 samples from three populations of Nepal for the length variation in the COII/tRNA Lys region of mtDNA. Samples showing length variation were subjected to detailed phylogenetic analysis based on HVS-I and informative coding region sequence variation. The overall frequencies of the 9-bp deletion and insertion variants in South Asia were 1.9 and 0.6%, respectively. We have also defined a novel deep-rooting haplogroup M43 and identified the rare haplogroup H14 in Indian populations carrying the 9-bp deletion by complete mtDNA sequencing. Moreover, we redefined haplogroup M6 and dissected it into two well-defined subclades. The presence of haplogroups F1 and B5a in Uttar Pradesh suggests minor maternal contribution from Southeast Asia to Northern India. The occurrence of haplogroup F1 in the Nepalese sample implies that Nepal might have served as a bridge for the flow of eastern lineages to India. The presence of R6 in the Nepalese, on the other hand, suggests that the gene flow between India and Nepal has been reciprocal.
Received: March 21, 2007
Accepted after revision: August 27, 2007
Published online: January 28, 2008
Dr. Lalji Singh/Dr. K. Thangaraj
Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad-500 007 (India)
Tel. +91 40 2716 0789, Fax +91 40 2716 0591
E-Mail lalji@ccmb.res.in, thangs@ccmb.res.in
http://tinyurl.com/yrdz5b
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