<i>take note: assumes AIT and assumes IE worldview</i>:
Wackypedia introduction on the <b>Mitanni</b> (with the usual AIT-AMT-influx scenarios) - as at 27/28 July 2006:
<!--QuoteBegin-->QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin-->Mitanni or Mittani (in Assyrian sources Hanilgalbat, Khanigalbat) was a <b>Hurrian kingdom </b>in northern Syria from ca. 1500 BC. The name was later used as a geographical term for the area between the Khabur and Euphrates rivers in Neo-Assyrian times. Mitanni is <b>thought</b> to have been a feudal state led by a warrior nobility of partly Indo-Aryan descent, reaching Syria at some point during the 18th or 17th century BC in the course of the Indo-Aryan migration that separated Middle Bronze Age Proto-Indo-Iranians into the Indo-Aryan and Iranian branches.<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->
Wackypedia intro to <b>Hurrians</b> starts with:
<!--QuoteBegin-->QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin-->For the history of the kingdom of Mitanni (<b>1500-1300 BC</b>), see Mitanni.<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->
Wackypedia on the <b>language of the Hurrians</b>:
<!--QuoteBegin-->QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin-->The Hurrians spoke an ergative-agglutinative language, conventionally called Hurrian, unrelated to neighboring Semitic or Indo-European languages, but clearly related to Urartian â a language spoken about a millennium later in northeastern Anatolia â and possibly, very distantly, to the present-day Northeast Caucasian languages.<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->
Excerpted from Wackypedia's article on the <b>Mitanni</b>, as at 27/28 July 2006:
<!--QuoteBegin-->QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin--><b>Indo-Aryan superstrate</b>
Some theonyms, proper names and other terminology of the Mitanni exhibit an Indo-Aryan superstrate, suggesting that an Indo-Aryan elite <b>imposed</b> itself over the Hurrian population in the course of the Indo-Aryan expansion. <b>In a treaty between the Hittites and the Mitanni</b>, the deities Mitra, Varuna, Indra, and Nasatya (Ashvins) are invoked. Kikkuli's horse training text includes technical terms such as aika (eka, one), tera (tri, three), panza (pancha, five), satta (sapta, seven), na (nava, nine), vartana (vartana, round). Another text has babru (babhru, brown), parita (palita, grey), and pinkara (pingala, red). Their chief festival was the celebration of the solstice (vishuva) which was common in most cultures in the ancient world. The Mitanni warriors were called marya, the term for warrior in Sanskrit as well.
Sanskritic interpretations of Mitanni royal names render Shuttarna as Sutarna ("good sun"), Baratarna as Paratarna ("great sun"), Parsatatar as Parashukshatra ("ruler with axe"), Saustatar as Saukshatra ("son of Sukshatra, the good ruler"), Artatama as "most righteous", Tushratta as Dasharatha ("having ten chariots"?), and, finally, Mattivaza as Mativaja ("whose wealth is prayer"). Some scholars believe that not only the kings had Indo-Aryan names; a large number of other names resembling Sanskrit have been unearthed in records from the area.
It has been widely <span style='color:red'>conjectured that this original Mitanni aristocracy who bore Indo-Aryan names, had emigrated from the north and <b>imposed</b> themselves upon the indigenous Hurrians of Syria who were not Indo-Aryan, <b>although historical clues are scarce.</b></span> Some[citation needed] have attempted to connect the name M(a)itanni with Madai (Medes), an Iranian people which established an empire to the West centuries later. In addition, Kurdish scholars believe that one of their clans, the Mattini which live in the same geographical region, preserves the name of Mitanni [2]. Archaeologists have attested a striking parallel in the spread to Syria of a distinct pottery type associated with what they call the Kura-Araxes culture, however the dates they usually assign for this are somewhat earlier than the Mitanni are thought to have first arrived.
Finally, for what it's worth, Eusebius, writing in the early 4th century, quotes fragments of Eupolemus, a now-lost Jewish historian of the 2nd century BC, as saying that "around the time of Abraham, the Armenians invaded the Syrians", corresponding approximately to the arrival of the Mitanni, since Abraham is traditionally assumed at around 1700 BC, and the Mitanni would have entered Assyria from the area known as Armenia in Eupolemus' time.<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->Notes:
- Whether the Mitanni populace ever turn out to be Iranian Medes or Iranian Kurds, the language used by their aristocracy was related to Samskritam and was <i>not</i> Iranian. And since "scholars believe that not only the kings had Indo-Aryan names; a large number of other names resembling Sanskrit have been unearthed in records from the area" this could mean more of the populace was or had become Indo-Aryan speaking (instead of Iranian-speaking).
- Once again there is the unverified conjecture that these people invaded and imposed themselves on the populace. "Historical clues are scarce". (Though 'scarce' is more than what they have for the AIT.)
- Are ignorant wackypedians confusing themselves by equating the dynastic title of the Mauryas with the word 'marya'?
According to the contents at http://www.sunyaprajna.com/Worldview/SRKco...nBrahmins&Caste
posted by Rajesh_G in another thread:
<!--QuoteBegin-->QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin-->Chandragupta <b>Maurya</b> and the Maurya Dyanasty - Maurya originates from <b>Muria</b>, a tribe which used to collect Peacock (Mor) feathers, also goat herders<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->Whilst the meaning of Marya - from http://www.aa.tufs.ac.jp/~tjun/sktdic/cg...c-srch.cgi
<!--QuoteBegin-->QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin-->search `marya' in `Apte Dic'
meanings of "marya" [1]
a.{a-stem}
1.mortal
#36399
meanings of "marya" [2]
m.{a-stem}
1.a man;
2.a young man;
3.a male;
4.a lover;
5.a stallion;
6.a camel<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->And just in case, I also searched for maarya (doesn't turn up) and maryaa:
<!--QuoteBegin-->QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin-->search `maryaa' in `Apte Dic'
meanings of "maryaa"
f.{a-stem}
1.a limit<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->And now Maurya - which turns out to be only a name:
<!--QuoteBegin-->QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin-->search `maurya' in `Apte Dic'
meanings of "maurya"
m.{a-stem}
1.name of a dynasty of kings beginning with chandragupta
#37757
<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->
Wackypedia introduction on the <b>Mitanni</b> (with the usual AIT-AMT-influx scenarios) - as at 27/28 July 2006:
<!--QuoteBegin-->QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin-->Mitanni or Mittani (in Assyrian sources Hanilgalbat, Khanigalbat) was a <b>Hurrian kingdom </b>in northern Syria from ca. 1500 BC. The name was later used as a geographical term for the area between the Khabur and Euphrates rivers in Neo-Assyrian times. Mitanni is <b>thought</b> to have been a feudal state led by a warrior nobility of partly Indo-Aryan descent, reaching Syria at some point during the 18th or 17th century BC in the course of the Indo-Aryan migration that separated Middle Bronze Age Proto-Indo-Iranians into the Indo-Aryan and Iranian branches.<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->
Wackypedia intro to <b>Hurrians</b> starts with:
<!--QuoteBegin-->QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin-->For the history of the kingdom of Mitanni (<b>1500-1300 BC</b>), see Mitanni.<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->
Wackypedia on the <b>language of the Hurrians</b>:
<!--QuoteBegin-->QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin-->The Hurrians spoke an ergative-agglutinative language, conventionally called Hurrian, unrelated to neighboring Semitic or Indo-European languages, but clearly related to Urartian â a language spoken about a millennium later in northeastern Anatolia â and possibly, very distantly, to the present-day Northeast Caucasian languages.<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->
Excerpted from Wackypedia's article on the <b>Mitanni</b>, as at 27/28 July 2006:
<!--QuoteBegin-->QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin--><b>Indo-Aryan superstrate</b>
Some theonyms, proper names and other terminology of the Mitanni exhibit an Indo-Aryan superstrate, suggesting that an Indo-Aryan elite <b>imposed</b> itself over the Hurrian population in the course of the Indo-Aryan expansion. <b>In a treaty between the Hittites and the Mitanni</b>, the deities Mitra, Varuna, Indra, and Nasatya (Ashvins) are invoked. Kikkuli's horse training text includes technical terms such as aika (eka, one), tera (tri, three), panza (pancha, five), satta (sapta, seven), na (nava, nine), vartana (vartana, round). Another text has babru (babhru, brown), parita (palita, grey), and pinkara (pingala, red). Their chief festival was the celebration of the solstice (vishuva) which was common in most cultures in the ancient world. The Mitanni warriors were called marya, the term for warrior in Sanskrit as well.
Sanskritic interpretations of Mitanni royal names render Shuttarna as Sutarna ("good sun"), Baratarna as Paratarna ("great sun"), Parsatatar as Parashukshatra ("ruler with axe"), Saustatar as Saukshatra ("son of Sukshatra, the good ruler"), Artatama as "most righteous", Tushratta as Dasharatha ("having ten chariots"?), and, finally, Mattivaza as Mativaja ("whose wealth is prayer"). Some scholars believe that not only the kings had Indo-Aryan names; a large number of other names resembling Sanskrit have been unearthed in records from the area.
It has been widely <span style='color:red'>conjectured that this original Mitanni aristocracy who bore Indo-Aryan names, had emigrated from the north and <b>imposed</b> themselves upon the indigenous Hurrians of Syria who were not Indo-Aryan, <b>although historical clues are scarce.</b></span> Some[citation needed] have attempted to connect the name M(a)itanni with Madai (Medes), an Iranian people which established an empire to the West centuries later. In addition, Kurdish scholars believe that one of their clans, the Mattini which live in the same geographical region, preserves the name of Mitanni [2]. Archaeologists have attested a striking parallel in the spread to Syria of a distinct pottery type associated with what they call the Kura-Araxes culture, however the dates they usually assign for this are somewhat earlier than the Mitanni are thought to have first arrived.
Finally, for what it's worth, Eusebius, writing in the early 4th century, quotes fragments of Eupolemus, a now-lost Jewish historian of the 2nd century BC, as saying that "around the time of Abraham, the Armenians invaded the Syrians", corresponding approximately to the arrival of the Mitanni, since Abraham is traditionally assumed at around 1700 BC, and the Mitanni would have entered Assyria from the area known as Armenia in Eupolemus' time.<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->Notes:
- Whether the Mitanni populace ever turn out to be Iranian Medes or Iranian Kurds, the language used by their aristocracy was related to Samskritam and was <i>not</i> Iranian. And since "scholars believe that not only the kings had Indo-Aryan names; a large number of other names resembling Sanskrit have been unearthed in records from the area" this could mean more of the populace was or had become Indo-Aryan speaking (instead of Iranian-speaking).
- Once again there is the unverified conjecture that these people invaded and imposed themselves on the populace. "Historical clues are scarce". (Though 'scarce' is more than what they have for the AIT.)
- Are ignorant wackypedians confusing themselves by equating the dynastic title of the Mauryas with the word 'marya'?
According to the contents at http://www.sunyaprajna.com/Worldview/SRKco...nBrahmins&Caste
posted by Rajesh_G in another thread:
<!--QuoteBegin-->QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin-->Chandragupta <b>Maurya</b> and the Maurya Dyanasty - Maurya originates from <b>Muria</b>, a tribe which used to collect Peacock (Mor) feathers, also goat herders<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->Whilst the meaning of Marya - from http://www.aa.tufs.ac.jp/~tjun/sktdic/cg...c-srch.cgi
<!--QuoteBegin-->QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin-->search `marya' in `Apte Dic'
meanings of "marya" [1]
a.{a-stem}
1.mortal
#36399
meanings of "marya" [2]
m.{a-stem}
1.a man;
2.a young man;
3.a male;
4.a lover;
5.a stallion;
6.a camel<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->And just in case, I also searched for maarya (doesn't turn up) and maryaa:
<!--QuoteBegin-->QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin-->search `maryaa' in `Apte Dic'
meanings of "maryaa"
f.{a-stem}
1.a limit<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->And now Maurya - which turns out to be only a name:
<!--QuoteBegin-->QUOTE<!--QuoteEBegin-->search `maurya' in `Apte Dic'
meanings of "maurya"
m.{a-stem}
1.name of a dynasty of kings beginning with chandragupta
#37757
<!--QuoteEnd--><!--QuoteEEnd-->